Photo by Mary Cage

Riding horses is euphoric, energizing, and exhilarating—soaring over a jump, galloping across an open field, performing a dressage freestyle, or savoring the sweetness of a trail ride on a sunny afternoon. Riding horses is also a heart-stopping, hair-raising, risky endeavor.

The Inherent Dangers of Equestrian Sports

As much as we don’t like to think about the potential consequences of strapping ourselves onto the back of a 1,200-pound flight animal that spooks at things real (that menacing butterfly that appeared out of nowhere or the mud puddle that clearly contains a shark) or things imagined (literally nothing… but it sure was scary!), here’s the truth: If we ride a horse, we will at some point fall off a horse. Or be thrown into a wall. Tossed over a fence. Bucked so high we reach the sky only to come back down to earth in a painful thud. 

According to the article “Equestrian Related Injuries: A National Database Study” in Journal of the American Osteopathic Academy of Orthopedics (AOAO), between 2018 and 2022 “there were 4,760 reported equestrian-related emergency room visits. These incidents predominantly involved females (73.11%) with a median age of 31.” Of note, equestrian-related injuries “are predominantly related to sports events (i.e., eventing, hunting, and jumping)… The most common mechanism of injury was a horse-level event, such as a buck, fall, or being thrown.”   

Of course, an injury can happen at any time when working with horses—whether in the saddle or from the ground. But having a deeper understanding of the inherent dangers and risks associated with active riding should influence a rider’s decision about wearing protective gear. Most barns and trainers will not even let a rider into the arena without a helmet. But what about safety vests?  

Safety vests are advanced protective gear that are designed to shield the torso and upper body (chest, neck, spine, ribcage, and vital organs) from injuries when a rider falls off their horse. A safety vest is made from dense foam, tactical materials, ballistic nylon, or some combination of these elements. Safety vests are serious business; they have very specific testing regulations and are governed by three international safety standards. Airbag vests (AV) are a subcategory of safety vests and differ in a few ways. An airbag vest is attached to the saddle by a lanyard (after mounting). It is used in conjunction with a removable CO2 air cartridge which allows the entire vest to inflate in 0.2 seconds after a fall (the lanyard connecting the horse and rider is forcefully separated).   

The choice to wear a safety vest may rest squarely on the rider, depending on where you live and which discipline you ride. If you currently wear a vest or are thinking of purchasing one, keep this in mind: A safety vest can’t do its job unless it fits you correctly.  

Meet the Safety Vest Fitter 

Kimberly Chick, a British Equestrian Trade Association (BETA) certified helmet and professional safety vest fitter and owner of Fair Hill Saddlery, is passionate about the use and proper fit of safety vests. “Everyone can and should wear a safety vest,” says Chick.

Kimberly Chick, a BETA-certified helmet and professional safety vest fitter and owner of Fair Hill Saddlery, offers professional vest fittings at Equine Affaire in Massachusetts. Photo by Julie Maddock

What should a first-time buyer consider when choosing a safety vest? 

“When a customer comes into our store for a safety vest, I ask a lot of questions,” says Chick. “There’s a big difference between a 65-year-old trail rider and a 30-year-old eventer. We take all of that into consideration. There are body protection products to match every rider. Tell me what type of riding you do, and I can help you find the right vest, at the right budget, in the right size.”  

As safety becomes more paramount in equestrian sport, more riders are considering safety vests.

“I think the old-school stigma of wearing a safety vest is changing,” says Chick. “You see more and more people wearing a vest or airbag vest, especially in certain disciplines. Just like we get in a car and put our seatbelt on, we should get on a horse with a helmet and vest on.”  

Because body shapes vary, “it’s not a one-size-fits-all when it comes to safety vests,” explains Chick. Therefore, a vest should be properly fitted by a professional to ensure the ultimate return on your investment—protecting your body. “It’s not one simple measurement; I look at the proportion of where the person’s ribs end and where their pelvis starts. I think about their motion in the saddle. I want the vest to be long enough to protect the ribcage but not impede the pelvis from moving. A vest fitter must understand anatomy.”  

And just like a helmet, if your safety vest is involved in a hard impact, it will need to be replaced. “Even if no fall is involved, a vest should be replaced every five years,” advises Chick. “Heat from our body, the sun, humidity, and the environment all contribute to the breakdown of the vest’s materials.”  

Like all personal protective equipment, safety vests need to be maintained to prevent damage or failure. “A vest should never be submerged in water. Some vests have removable parts that can be washed, but generally, a vest should be spot-cleaned. Store your vest in a climate-controlled environment year-round. Heat is the biggest enemy of our safety equipment,” says Chick.   

A safety vest is an investment, so you’ll want to spend your money wisely. “I will never recommend an uncertified vest. Check the label. You can find inexpensive equestrian vests online for $50, but they are not certified. There is no guarantee of what materials it contains or that it will protect you… Your body is worth the investment. And a good helmet and vest are still cheaper than a trip to the ER.”

Chick explains that the pricing for vests ranges from the least expensive certified vests in the $200 to $300 range up to over $1,000, depending on the brand and features, such as whether it is a back protector (offering spine protection only), body protector/safety vest, airbag vest, or combination vest.  

“I get asked, ‘Is a vest comfortable to wear?’ The biggest thing to remember is that yes, there is some bulk, but that bulk equals safety—the space between your body and the object you are impacting. The thickness grabs the energy and disperses it,” explains Chick. “Over time, your body heat and the sun’s heat will soften the foam, settling the vest, and it will shape to your body. They become like a second skin.” 

Chick recommends that you don’t share your vest or body protector with others because it will mold to your bustline, ribs, and body. Like slipping into a new pair of boots, wearing a vest takes a few rides before you become accustomed to the feeling of it.  

How a Professional Safety Vest Fitter Measures a Rider

Proper fit begins with wearing the undergarments you would normally wear while riding, and then have an experienced fitter obtain three measurements: bust, back length, and over the shoulder. In addition, the type of saddle you ride in will factor into a precise fitting. For example, a dressage rider will need the back length measurement to be a bit shorter to ensure the vest doesn’t hit the saddle.

The back length measurement will need to be adjusted up or down depending upon the type of saddle you ride in. For example, when fitting a vest to a Western or dressage rider, Chick will adjust the back length up a bit higher so that the vest back does not interfere with the saddle. “A rider needs to be able to sit in the saddle comfortably and have freedom of movement in the pelvis, so the vest must be high enough so as not to interfere,” Chick explains. “I want people to feel one hundred percent confident in their purchase, so I put them in a saddle or have them bring in their current saddle during a safety vest fitting.”

Chick ensures the vest falls about an inch past the lowest rib, measuring on either side of the belly button. “Generally, when we fall, we tend to raise our arms. If the safety vest isn’t properly fitted, it can rise too high and not be able to protect the ribs,” Chick explains. “We don’t want the vest to uncover our ribcage; the ribs are the protective armor of our lungs, diaphragm, and heart.”

At the end of a fitting, a rider may question if the body-hugging vest is too tight. “Try taking a deep breath. You want the vest as snug as you can tolerate, but not so tight that you can’t breathe deeply,” says Chick.  

Most vests are unisex; there is one brand designed specifically for a woman’s body with contoured lines that help accommodate a bust. And every vest feels a bit different. Rather than choosing a vest based on how it looks or the price, “the most important consideration should be if the vest fits you correctly and provides the highest level of safety,” explains Chick.  

 Is Wearing One Right for You?

“I wear a vest on every ride,” says Chick. “My horse is 17.1, and he loves to play… and that’s a long way to fall off.”

Chick wishes every rider would consider wearing a safety vest, have it professionally fitted, and ultimately enjoy a safer ride. In addition to in-person fittings at Fair Hill Saddlery in Elkton, Md., Chick also offers fitting consultations via Zoom or at major equestrian events throughout the year, including Equine Affaire, Defender Kentucky Three-Day Event, Horse World Expo, and more. “It makes me happy to be a resource to help riders properly fit a vest and helmet.”   

This article about safety vest fitting is a web exclusive for Horse Illustrated magazine. Click here to subscribe!

The post How a Professional Safety Vest Fitter Can Help You Find the Right Vest appeared first on Horse Illustrated Magazine.

Photo by Dusan Kostic/Adobe Stock

Start With a Vet Visit

Catherine Donworth, DVM, is a small animal veterinarian in Lexington, Ky. She has two dogs that come to the boarding farm where she keeps her dressage and fox hunting horse. In addition to her own dogs, over a dozen other farm dogs are regulars on the property.

According to Donworth, before you consider introducing your dog to farm life, it’s critical to have a parasite control plan in place.

“You have your internal parasites and your external parasites,” she says. “You want to control fleas, ticks, heartworms, roundworms, hookworms, whipworms, and tapeworms. There are three-month flea and tick products, which you can pair with a heartworm preventative. You can also get a 12-month heartworm preventative injection that takes care of most of your intestinal parasites. Find one you like and stick with it—don’t chop and change.”

In addition to parasites, Donworth says it’s critical to make sure your dogs are properly vaccinated. The No. 1 priority is a rabies vaccine, just in case the dog bites a horse or human. But as with horses, there’s a list of core vaccines that all dogs should receive.

“You’ve got your core vaccines that every dog should have regardless of their lifestyle,” she says. “A kennel cough vaccine is also important for barn dogs because there are going to be lots of dogs at the barn, and kennel cough (Bordetella) is highly infectious between dogs. If one dog comes in coughing, they’re all going to start coughing. It’s not life-threatening unless they’re very old, very young, or have lung disease, but you want to make sure that all your barn dogs are up to date. And depending on where you are in the country, vaccinating against Lyme disease is important.”

In addition to the core vaccines, barn dogs should be vaccinated against kennel cough, and in certain locations, Lyme disease. Photo by Ivan Kmit/Adobe Stock

Injury Preparation

Just like horses come in from the field with new scrapes and bumps, barn dogs may also get occasional injuries.

“The most common injuries are lacerations and dog bites,” says Donworth. “You can’t always stop dogs from being kicked by a horse, and a lot of people have run over their dogs with a small farm vehicle.”

Donworth recommends having a first-aid kit on hand for your dog, similar to the one you have for your horse.

“You should have something to flush out a wound, like sterile saline or dilute chlorhexidine, or a very dilute iodine, like what you would have for a horse,” she advises. “You also need a topical antibacterial wound ointment.”

When wrapping a wound, Donworth recommends a non-stick layer covered by padding, then covered by Vetrap.

Not all wounds can be dealt with on the farm, and Donworth sees a lot of barn dogs at her clinic. She says that if your dog has a full-thickness wound, it’s time for him to go to the vet.

An injury may also require antibiotics. While it might be tempting, you shouldn’t improvise with your horse’s medications.

“You should not give your dog SMZs out of your horse’s stash,” says Donworth. “Talk to your vet before you start administering equine drugs to your dog, and that goes for dewormers, too. I’ve seen dogs have terminal neurological effects from owners treating them with equine dewormer. There are some drugs, such as Previcox, that you can use in both species, but the milligram per kilogram dose is vastly different, so seek advice from your vet first.”

Some barn dog injuries end up being more complicated than simple lacerations. Just like a horse can injure his suspensory ligament or have other soft tissue trauma, so can dogs. While it is tricky to use crate rest (like stall rest for dogs) or keep your canine at home, Donworth says that following your vet’s instructions is crucial to healing.

“If your dog gets diagnosed with a soft tissue injury, like a pulled biceps tendon, and the vet tells you to rest the dog, rest the dog,” she says. “Running around the barn is not resting your dog. A dog is like a horse—if you’re told or horse has a tendon injury and to stall rest him and you don’t, he isn’t going to get better. The same goes for dogs.”

Introducing a New Dog to the Barn

When introducing new horses into a herd, it’s important to consider potential personality clashes and introduce them under supervision. The same goes for barn dogs.

At the farm where Donworth boards her horse, almost everyone has a barn dog, meaning there are new additions regularly. She says that the best way to introduce the dogs varies.

“In general, I would say that the lower key you keep it, the better,” she advises. “Most dogs will be more anxious on a leash with their owner.”

She adds that while it can be tricky for owners to stand back and let their dogs sort out the dynamic, squabbles are somewhat normal.

“It’s a little bit of live and let live—the bigger deal you make of it, the bigger deal the dogs will make out of,” Donworth explains. “Don’t intervene at every opportunity, but do be careful, because there may be reactive dogs or aggressive dogs—who shouldn’t be taken to the barn in the first place.”

Basic Training

To help keep yourself, your dogs, and the horses safe, dogs should have good recall and be able to follow basic commands before coming to the barn. If your dog can’t focus on you and stop when he is told to stop, he likely isn’t ready for barn dog life.

A large risk to both horses and dogs is dogs in fields with horses, where they might be tempted to chase or play with the horses. If your dog can’t follow directions well enough to stay out of fields or listen to you when the temptation of chasing a horse’s tail gets the better of him, it’s best to leave him at home.

“Under no circumstances can you let your dog chase horses in the paddocks,” says Donworth. “The dog is going to get hurt or the horse is going to run through a fence. Don’t bring a dog to the barn that doesn’t have basic fundamental recall and some level of obedience.”

Don’t bring a dog to the barn unless he has a solid recall and is not aggressive toward other dogs, people, or horses. Photo by Rita Kochmarjova/Adobe Stock

Marty Whitehouse, DVM, owns and runs Red Gate Equestrian Center in Nicholasville, Ky., and is also a small-animal veterinarian. She agrees that barn dogs need to have appropriate manners and training.

“There are good barn dogs and there are not-so-good barn dogs,” says Whitehouse. “Even my dog has limitations. He gets tied up because he’s not allowed to run around while I ride.”

Responsible Dog Owners

While some breeds, such as cattle dogs, are common in barns, the makings of a good barn dog are not necessarily breed specific.

“It’s not all about breed,” says Whitehouse. “It’s about demeanor.”

Not every dog is a barn dog, and that’s OK. Some dogs might require additional oversight at the barn, and others are simply inappropriate to have around horses.

“If you have an aggressive dog, he’s probably better left at home,” says Whitehouse. “It’s not fair to everyone else at the barn to have that type of stressor, especially if your dog isn’t friendly with other dogs or barks at horses. It’s hard for everyone to ride when that’s happening.”

When it comes to training, Whitehouse says that other boarders, the barn owner, manager, et cetera can’t be responsible for your dog. Just like you put in time training your own horse, it’s your job to train your own dog.

Most barns that allow dogs have rules outlining what barn dogs are and aren’t allowed to do.

“You have to respect the owner or barn manager’s rules on where dogs are allowed, and if they are allowed to be free when people are riding,” says Whitehouse. “Especially if there is jumping and other ring work going on, it can be really distracting if dogs are running around.”

Does your barn allow dogs in the ring? Make sure to follow all facility rules to avoid unnecessary accidents. Photo by Shoshana Rudski

Even if you have a dog that can’t behave while you are riding, that doesn’t necessarily mean that barn life is entirely out of the question for him. You might just have to adjust your game plan. Whitehouse suggests that trickier dogs only come out to the barn on days when you are cleaning your tack and not riding to help keep everyone safe.

If the farm requires or requests that dogs be contained while people are riding, it’s critical to come up with a plan that works for your dog.

“I’ve seen things happen when people tie up dogs around horses,” says Whitehouse. “I had a friend’s puppy get its neck snapped at a horse show. It was awful.”

She advises not to tie your dog anywhere a horse could reach him due to risk of getting tangled up.

“This could hurt the horse or the dog and cause major injury or mortality,” says Whitehouse.

Riding with Dogs

Part of the fun of bringing your dog to the barn is getting to ride with him, whether on trails or just hacking around the farm.

Introducing dogs to riding with horses is easier with a younger dog, according to Donworth.

“It’s important to start a dog at a young age, and there is a risk to that,” she says. “He has to learn to stay away from the horse’s feet and will probably get stepped on a couple of times, hopefully not severely, but you have to accept that if it’s what you want to do with your dog.”

It may be easier to introduce a younger dog to life as a riding companion as they learn to keep up and stay out from underfoot. Photo by citikka/Adobe Stock

Whitehouse adds that not all horses react well to even the best-trained dogs. This even goes for fox hunting horses, who are accustomed to hounds working around them.

Essentially, choosing to ride with your dog comes with risk, and while the risk can be minimized, it cannot be entirely avoided.

Other Safety Considerations for Barn Dogs

In addition to having a solid training base and keeping a close watch on your dog at the barn, some other precautions can keep your dog safe and comfortable.

“Tracking devices, such as Fi collars, are great,” says Donworth. “Air tags are also good. Your dog should also have a low-tech ID tag with your phone number. It’s simple, but it can result in you getting your dog back. All barn dogs should also be microchipped.”

In addition to tracking devices, she says a light-up collar can keep your dog safer.

“Light-up collars are great on dark evenings and can keep your dog safe from cars and people coming in and out of a busy barn,”
says Donworth.

And while it might be cute to dress your dog up in fun sweaters and coats, Donworth thinks that dog jackets are overused. You don’t want your dog to overheat.

Minimizing Liability

Accidents happen, but taking your dog to the barn can put you at risk for liability concerns. The barn’s rules might be based on their liability insurance requirements, but that doesn’t leave you entirely risk-free.

“It’s your dog, so responsibility will come down to you,” cautions Whitehouse. “If you aren’t paying attention or an accident happens, you’re going to be liable for veterinary payments or for property damage.”

With proper planning, health care, and training, your dog can be an integral part of your barn time. It’s well worth investing the time to keep your dog, horse, and other horse owners safe at the stable.

This article about barn dog safety appeared in the March/April 2025 issue of Horse Illustrated magazine. Click here to subscribe!

The post Barn Dog Safety appeared first on Horse Illustrated Magazine.

The perception of horse sport in the U.S. is the responsibility of every equestrian, whether or not you participate in competitions. Photo by Mary Cage

Breakdowns in racing. Questionable training practices. Medication and tack use in competition horses. Welfare of horses with minimal access to pasture. Wellbeing of horses asked to do a “job.” The list goes on.

If you’re a horse person, chances are good that you have been asked about one—or more—of these issues, often by well-meaning family and friends who aren’t horse savvy, but who are concerned. Though media and organizations that oppose horse sport are dialed in on equestrian competition, every horse owner—whether they show or not—must make a concerted effort to be able to respond to these questions in a calm and educated manner.  The very future of equestrianism depends on it.

What Is Social License to Operate to Why Does it Matter?

No longer just a flash in the pan, the term “social license to operate,” or SLO, refers to an “intangible, implicit agreement between the public and those who pursue an activity,” according to World Horse Welfare.

In short, it’s societal acceptance. If the public accepts something—in this case, horse sport—it will continue with minimal demands for change. If the public disapproves of an activity, pressure builds, and demand is made for an activity to change—or terminate.

As societal pressure on all equine activities escalates, every equine enthusiast is tasked with being able to defend the sport they love. Many horse lovers first became aware of the power behind public pressure during the 2020/2021 Tokyo Olympics, when a modern pentathlon coach punched a horse during the show jumping round to make the horse go forward.

Any time horse injuries or riding and trainer abuses take place on a big stage, equestrian sport jumps to the forefront of public scrutiny. Photo by Marcin Kilarski/Wirestock/Adobe Stock

The consequences were swift. The coach was disqualified for the remainder of the Olympics; the number of horses used in competition increased; more stringent animal welfare standards were established; and minimum riding standards were adopted. And still, modern pentathlon’s inclusion in future Olympics is tenuous.

So how can the rest of us prepare for possible public backlash, no matter how we are involved with horses? Here’s how a variety of organizations are working to ensure the longevity of their equestrian sports.

Light Up Racing

Horses are big business in the United States, adding $122 billion annually to the U.S. economy, reports TwinSpires. The overall impact of horse racing and breeding is estimated to bring in more than $30 million each year—a very large chunk of that economic pie.

With that much money at stake comes additional public scrutiny and heightened responsibility, one the Thoroughbred racing industry has begun to concertedly address with the creation of Light Up Racing.

Founded in response to a growing perception crisis in horse racing, Light Up Racing is on a mission to tackle misinformation and build trust through transparency, according to Naomi Hurdle, account manager for the organization.

“To do this, the organization hosted two major events in February 2024 and offered media training sessions, equipping 100 ambassadors with the skills needed to address public concerns and share the progress being made in the [horse racing] industry,” she explains. This helps effectively shift the narrative around horse racing.

Founded in response to a growing perception crisis in horse racing, Light Up Racing is on a mission to tackle misinformation and build trust through transparency. Photo by Mary Cage

Light Up Racing has worked closely with other organizations in the racing industry to unify the industry’s voice and promote trust through consistent, factual messaging. Light Up Racing’s website serves as a hub for accessible, science-backed resources, answering common questions about retirement programs, safety advancements, and welfare initiatives.

It also hosts tools and templates for industry participants to deliver strong, consistent messaging in interviews and on social media.

“Together, these efforts, combined with social media campaigns reaching millions, are helping to reshape public perception and promote the incredible work being done across horse racing,” Hurdle says.

Unfortunately, the road to social acceptance is not linear. The future of racing depends on the industry’s willingness to evolve and communicate.

“We need to keep cleaning up our act—and the good news is, we are,” she says. “By openly sharing the steps we’re taking and the results we’re seeing, we can build trust and combat misinformation.”

*This article was originally published in our March/April 2025 print issue. As of this online publishing, Light Up Racing will cease operations following the 2026 Breeders’ Cup.

The American Quarter Horse Association’s Animal Welfare Commission

The American Quarter Horse Association is the world’s largest equine breed registry and membership organization, encompassing trail riding, ranching, showing, racing, and timed events. There were more than 232,000 AQHA-registered horses in 2023.

With such a massive footprint, AQHA can set the SLO bar high—and encourage other breeds to step up their game. In 2012, AQHA created the AQHA Animal Welfare Commission, with members appointed from all segments of the equine industry, according to Ward Stutz, director of Breed Integrity, Animal Welfare and Education for AQHA.

“Part of the Animal Welfare Commission’s mission is to identify issues negatively affecting the welfare of the American Quarter Horse and recommend actions that will protect AQHA horses and other animals used in competition from inhumane practices, as well as members from the negative impacts associated with those practices,” he says.

In 2012, the American Quarter Horse Association created the AQHA Animal Welfare Commission, with members appointed from all segments of the equine industry. Photo by Mary Cage

Since its inception, the Commission has made several rule and policy changes to address drug and medication use, inhumane training both on and off show grounds, tack and equipment, and performance alteration, among other things.

Change is hard—and often too slow for the public. However, AQHA is working diligently to not only identify what is inappropriate to do to a horse, but to ensure the public knows the organization’s lack of tolerance for anyone caught breaking the rules.

Looking ahead, the organization is considering adopting some of the mandates the FEI and U.S. Equestrian Federation have implemented, such as a 12-hour “no injection” medication rule; limiting the use of shockwave; and limiting intra-articular injections.

U.S. Equestrian Federation’s Dedication to Social License to Operate

David O’Connor, winner of the individual gold medal for eventing at the 2000 Sydney Olympics, is a renowned coach and Chief of Sport for the U.S. Equestrian Federation (USEF). He is one of the equine industry’s biggest proponents and has taken the reins of U.S. Equestrian Federation’s dedication to SLO. Eager to reflect on how far horse sport has come, he is also the first to acknowledge that the process is never ending.

David O’Connor is one of the equine industry’s biggest proponents, and he has taken the reins of U.S. Equestrian Federation’s dedication to SLO. Photo by Kim MacMillan/MacMillan Photography

O’Connor notes that while the organization has always been strong on the ethical treatment of horses on competition grounds, a philosophical shift is underway to include the welfare of horses while off show grounds.

Though USEF has been able to grant disciplinary reciprocity for equine cruelty, abuse, or neglect when action has been taken by another organization (like a humane society or law enforcement agency), the entity’s reach expanded on December 1: USEF can now police horse abuse that may occur at home farms.

This rule change was in response to a video showing Cesar Parra severely disciplining his horses while training at home. The rule requires any participant who witnesses unethical treatment of a USEF-registered horse to report it.

This rule change is a massive stride forward for equine welfare—but it isn’t the end goal.

“You have to [continually] look at yourselves and how strong you feel your rules and procedures are,” says O’Connor. “While the public can drive a lot of change, change has to be driven from within.”

What Can YOU Do?

Virtually every equine organization recognizes they must adapt to societal demand or suffer the consequences, which could be dire­—such as the degradation or even eventual demise of horse sport. While the exact verbiage may differ between breed and discipline, the governing bodies are all paying attention to each other, according to O’Connor.

“The public doesn’t separate horse sport,” he says. “While what we do [as a breed or discipline] might not look the same for each of us, we are not all separate in the eyes of the public—we must all pay attention to each other.” O’Connor feels we should continue to demand positive change to ensure the future of equestrian sport.

“Every horse person plays a part in shaping the future of the sport,” says Hurdle. “One of the most impactful things you can do is engage with negative commentary constructively. By being a voice for transparency and positivity, you can help shift perceptions. SLO is about showing the world that we’re evolving and that the welfare of our horses is at the heart of everything we do.”

Messaging to the Public

Being a voice for positivity in the horse world is also top of mind for Stutz.

“I believe for the most part we know what needs to be done [with regard to welfare] and we are doing it, but as an industry we are not good at telling the public what we have done and what we are doing,” he says. “We wait until there is a negative story to take action.”

When a friend, family member, or even a person on social media asks a tough question about the type of riding you enjoy, it’s important to reiterate that “we cannot make the horses do it,” says O’Connor.

Whether it’s racing or jumping or sliding or gaiting, the horse will choose to do it or not do it—the choice is theirs, he says. A horse that does these things is a partner for his rider.

“We talk about partnership a lot on an emotional level, but there’s a physical partnership, too,” adds O’Connor.

Horse sport, in any capacity, is dependent on public acceptance for its survival. Every breed, discipline, and equine organization should be executing changes in response to public scrutiny—or be left behind.

Equine enthusiasts must be prepared to defend equestrianism, in all it is varieties, by sharing with the world how we’re adapting to ensure the health and welfare of the animals in our care.

This article about the horse industry’s social license to operate appeared in the March/April 2025 issue of Horse Illustrated magazine. Click here to subscribe!

The post The Horse Industry’s Social License to Operate appeared first on Horse Illustrated Magazine.

Photo by Jsnewtonian/Adobe Stock

Each year, hurricanes, wildfires, and severe storms force thousands across the country to evacuate their homes. When preparing for a potential natural disaster, it is best to follow the adage of “expect the best but prepare for the worst.” Taking the time now to make an emergency and natural disaster preparedness plan for your family—including your horses and other animals—can be lifesaving.

Startling Natural Disaster Statistics

According to a survey conducted by the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA), more than one in five pet owners (including horses) have evacuated their homes due to a disaster situation, and of those evacuees, nearly half have left at least one pet behind at the time of evacuation.

Of those who left at least one pet behind, nearly 30 percent cited not having enough time when the disaster struck as their reasoning for doing so, further emphasizing the need to prepare for an emergency in advance.

“We want to remind horse owners to always bring your horses and other animals with you if you need to evacuate,” says Christie Schulte Kappert, senior director of ASPCA Equine Welfare. “Leaving a horse or pet behind can expose them to numerous life-threatening hazards, including the inability to escape the impending emergency—such as flood waters, fires, and high winds—as well as having no access to fresh food and water for an unknown period.”

Horse Preparedness Before the Disaster

Your horses should be as equally prepared for a disaster emergency as your facility. The ASPCA’s Christie Shulte Kappert makes the following recommendations to ensure their readiness:

◆ Horses should be accustomed to wearing a halter.
◆ Practice loading on a trailer during calm conditions so horses are on autopilot during an emergency.
◆ Horses should be accustomed to being handled by strangers.
◆ Work with your neighbors or barn mates to practice loading each other’s horses so they are used to multiple types of trailers and handlers.

Horse Identification

In the case that you and your horse become separated during an evacuation, you will need to mark him with some sort of identification so you can be reunited later.

According to Schulte Kappert, microchips become a vital lifeline after times of disaster or other unforeseen events.

Once a chip is implanted, be certain to register it with the microchip’s manufacturer, as without registration, the microchip is not linked to any useful data. If you purchase a microchipped horse, be sure to update the personal contact info.

If microchipping is not an option, in an emergency Schulte Kappert recommends braiding an ID clip or luggage tag into your horse’s mane or tail or painting your phone number on his side with non-toxic paint.

In instances where microchipping is not available, tattoos can make a good second choice during non-emergency situations.

Emergency Kit

The ASPCA recommends that the following items be included in your natural disaster or emergency preparedness kit:

◆ Contact information for yourself and a confirmed emergency caretaker.
◆ Addresses and directions to local or regional sheltering options.
◆ Tack/equipment checklist, extra lead ropes, and extra halters.
◆ Veterinary records, including a current Coggins.
◆ Paperwork proving your ownership of your horse (branding papers, microchip registration, photos).
◆ A seven- to 10-day supply of feed, medications, and water and clean buckets.
◆ An equine first-aid kit that includes items like bandages, bandage scissors, and any necessary medications.

Faster Response Time

Severe weather events are stressful and scary for people and animals.

“Owners should create an emergency plan customized to their animals, location, facility and the likely scenarios that will cause an emergency; wildfire preparation is very different than a hurricane,” says Schulte Kappert. “Having a plan for your area’s possible scenario(s) will help you stay calm and act swiftly when the emergency arrives. Reach out to your county’s emergency management office or extension agents to follow guidelines about the disasters they plan to encounter and how to respond.”

Hurricanes require a different emergency plan than fires. Customize your plan to the type of disaster you’re most likely to encounter. Photo by Satoshi Kina/Adobe Stock

For example, she says that many counties have designated fairgrounds as emergency shelters; you can use this type of information in creating your plan.

Working Together

Working together with your neighbors can also be extremely helpful. Schulte Kappert further recommends creating a phone tree/buddy system with other nearby horse owners and local farms.

Consider teaming up with other horse owners to pool your resources, including sharing trailer space and hay, and share your evacuation plans in advance.

You may want to share trailer space with other horse owners if you have extra slots or don’t own a trailer. Photo by Janet/Adobe Stock

“This is especially important for owners who board at a public facility or don’t own a trailer,” she says. “If you board, check with the stable owner about their emergency management plans and make sure you and your horse are prepared to respond accordingly.”

Schulte Kappert also recommends having a plan in place in the event you are away from home when evacuation orders are issued.

“Identify an emergency caretaker for your horse and other animals in advance and provide them with your plan,” she says.

Trailer Preparations

Another part of your emergency natural disaster preparedness plan should include making certain that your trailer is ready for transport at any time. Any time you may need to haul your horse, it’s important to inspect your trailer and its tire pressure, brake battery, and safety chains or cables.

It’s critical to have a trailer big enough for all your equines, including a place to tether them inside. If you have advance notice of an impending disaster, hook up your trailer ahead of time.

Act Swiftly

Whether it is you or a caretaker, it’s important to act promptly once evacuation orders have been announced. Schulte Kappert advises planning as if you may not be allowed to return home for at least seven to 10 days. She says that you should follow the instructions of local and state officials and evacuate as soon as possible, as it may take additional time to load your horses, other animals, and supplies.

Emergency and natural disaster preparedness does not have to be a daunting task. Instead, having a plan in place can help to make an emergency less frightening for everyone.

Emergency and Natural Disaster Preparedness with Horses: Key Takeaway

Natural disasters can strike without warning, and preparedness is essential to ensuring the safety of both your family and your horses. By taking proactive steps now to create a comprehensive emergency plan for your animals, you can minimize the risks and stress that come with facing a crisis. Stay informed, stay prepared, and stay safe.

This article about horse emergency and natural disaster preparedness appeared in the September 2023 issue of Horse Illustrated magazine. Click here to subscribe!

The post Emergency and Natural Disaster Preparedness with Horses appeared first on Horse Illustrated Magazine.

Lexington, Ky. – US Equestrian is pleased to announce the continuation of the US Equestrian Safety Awareness Week, reaffirming the organization’s commitment to promoting safety within equestrian sport.

Scheduled to take place September 16-22, 2024, this annual week-long campaign serves to raise awareness and educate members and fans on the importance of prioritizing safety, the use of safety products, and best practices for safe riding.

Throughout the week, US Equestrian will collaborate with industry leaders to provide educational resources, industry standard updates and research, original content stories, and discounts on safety products provided by brand partners of Safety Awareness Week.

“Safety is a paramount concern for US Equestrian,” states US Equestrian CEO Bill Moroney. “It’s imperative our members prioritize their safety when riding and interacting with horses. The information and resources provided during Safety Awareness Week are vital in our continued efforts to keep our community informed and safe when participating in the sport.”

In 2023, Safety Awareness Week was supported by US Equestrian Partners Charles Owen, Dover Saddlery, and SmartPak with other major support being provided from safety product brands.

This year, members and fans will have multiple opportunities to access educational content and information on product discounts by tuning into US Equestrian’s social media channels, Equestrian Weekly, and other platforms during the campaign.

— Edited Press Release | Source: US Equestrian

The post US Equestrian Safety Awareness Week to Continue in 2024 appeared first on Horse Illustrated Magazine.

Firefighters participate in an equine rescue training at The Shea Center. Photo by Taryn Trumble

On March 25, 2024, The J. F. Shea Therapeutic Riding Center in San Juan Capistrano, Calif., hosted its highly anticipated third annual Equine Training in collaboration with the OC Fire Authority’s Urban Search & Rescue Team (US&R). This unique event, generously funded by The Gary Sinise Foundation, offered an immersive experience for over 100 first responders seeking to enhance their skills in horse rescue procedures.

Established in 1978, The Shea Center stands as one of the world’s premier equine assisted services providers. With 27 horses and over 700 dedicated volunteers, The Shea Center addresses 87 distinct disabilities through programs such as physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech-language pathology, mental healthcare, and adaptive riding.

Firepower Meets Horsepower

The idea for this training followed on the heels of a remarkable rescue in 2021 where OCFA saved Choco, a Shea Center therapy horse. Choco ended up in a very tricky situation while out on a trail ride in the surrounding hills after he was struck by a bird flying into him. His rider dismounted to check on him and the spooked horse got loose, ending up trapped between concrete and rebar on his back in a culvert. He was extracted by helicopter airlift and amazingly came out of the ordeal with just a few scratches.

The first annual training initiative began in the wake of this rescue in March 2022, setting the stage for an ongoing partnership between heroes and horses. Horses and livestock are integral to Orange County’s culture. Firefighters’ proficiency in safely rescuing and evacuating these animals is crucial to ensuring the safety of both human and animal lives.

Firefighters practice a mock rescue situation with a life-size model horse. Photo by Taryn Trumble

San Juan Capistrano, where the Shea Center is located, has California’s highest per capita ratio of horses to people, serving as the perfect location for this specialized training. [The OCFA’s commitment to addressing the unique needs of a community where the welfare of residents and their animals is paramount.]

“Our commitment to provide exceptional emergency support services to the nearly two million people we serve includes their pets, horses, and livestock, all of which add tremendous value and joy to our communities,” says Brian Fennessy, Fire Chief of the Orange County Fire Authority. “The training necessary to extend our services to these large animals hinges upon the support of partners like the Shea Center and the Gary Sinise Foundation, and I’m grateful and proud that our collective work makes us a national model for large animal rescue.”

Comprehensive Equine Training for Firefighters

Participants engaged in comprehensive equine training, with four stations covering behavior and handling, equine anatomy, situational rescue procedures and equipment, and safe trailer loading and unloading.

This article is a web exclusive for Horse Illustrated magazine. Click here to subscribe!

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Read on to find out about 10 common horse care mistakes. Photo by Ainslie/Adobe Stock

We worry about our horses being too hot or too cold or exposed to sudden weather fluctuations. We stand in stores reading fly spray labels to determine which might work best and fret about whether a rain sheet, mid-weight, or heavy turnout rug is necessary, only to then worry about our horse sweating or shivering under it if we pick the wrong one.

Therefore, it’s not surprising that our overworked minds might miss something. Problems pop up like pasture weeds. Here are 10 potentially problematic horse care mistakes to keep on your radar.

1. Over-Blanketing

Opinions about blanketing horses are as fraught with emotion as those about keeping newborn babies warm. Is the baby cold? Too warm? Is the blanket too tight, too loose? When should it be removed? The decision to blanket depends primarily upon weather conditions, temperature, available shelter, and your horse’s hair coat.

If your horse lives outdoors and wears a turnout rug, it should be removed daily for grooming while his skin is checked for rubs and his overall body condition is noted. Clipped horses have their natural protection removed, and need heavier blankets than horses with natural coats. Rain sheets and mid-weights are often enough for unclipped horses, while heavy rugs and neck covers are usually needed if the horse is clipped, thin, or used to a warmer climate.

Many healthy animals with a natural coat don’t need blanketing in winter as long as they have access to shelter from wind and precipitation. Blankets should always be removed if your horse is sweating underneath. It’s easier and far worse for a horse to overheat than be uncomfortable from cold or breezy weather, so err on the side of under-blanketing instead of over-blanketing.

2. Moldy Hay

Buying hay is always a challenge and has become more so in the last decade. Small square bales have given way to large ones, and round bales are practically impossible to assess for quality.

Drought conditions have made the supply smaller, with farmers baling fewer cuttings every year. Prices are high, requiring long searches for good hay in a tough market. Too often, when hay prices get high, horse owners are tempted to lower their standards and feed bales they would typically reject. This is risky, since bad hay causes respiratory problems and can be fatal if it is contaminated with blister beetles or toxic plants.

Never mistake tight, heavy bales or a green tint for quality, as weight can indicate that the hay was baled damp and the green color can be sprayed on like a faux lawn. There’s no substitute for your eyes and nose.

Learn what good hay looks and smells like and always inspect a few bales before you purchase. Even if you board your horse, always keep a close eye on what he is eating and insist on quality hay.

3. Dusty Bedding

Dusty bedding, hay, and arena footing can trigger equine asthma, a respiratory disease that is much harder to treat than to prevent. When buying pine shavings, check the wrapper to make sure you are buying the dust-free option. The cheaper products can become very expensive if your horse ends up with a persistent cough.

Dusty bedding can trigger equine asthma, so look for dust-free shavings. Photo by Deb_NSWP/Adobe Stock

Shredded newspaper is the lowest-dust bedding available, although it may not be feasible to find in all areas. Straw bedding is the highest in dust.

4. Cluttered Barn Aisles

Your barn aisle is ground zero for your horse activities. It should be de-cluttered periodically and assessed for safety.

A horse may have gone in and out of his stall without incident for years, but it only takes one mistake for a door handle to slice his flank enough to require stitches. Protruding tack hooks and slippery footing are other avoidable accidents waiting to happen.

Keep feed containers and protruding hooks out of your barn aisle, and make sure any cross-ties have breakaway attachments. Photo by Annabell Gsödl/Adobe Stock

Cross-ties should always have breakaway hardware fastened closest to the wall so if you need to unfasten it in an emergency, you aren’t as close to a panicking horse. A loop of baling twine between the hardware and the wall hook is another breakaway point that will hold everyday forces but gives in case of a panicked pull-back.

Another potential hazard is the placement of feed containers in the aisle in front of stalls. Many horses are escape artists, and nothing tempts them like available food they know is just inches away.

5. No Pre-Purchase Vet Check

Both experienced and novice horse buyers often skip a pre-purchase exam for a variety of reasons: cost, inconvenience of scheduling, not knowing a local veterinarian where the horse is located, and believing they have the skills to detect conformation flaws or signs of looming disease.

A pre-purchase exam is not a health guarantee because the vet is only examining what exists the day of the exam, but any major issues will be a red flag to a professional who treats horses on a regular basis.

Laminitis has a lingering imprint in the ridges on a horse’s hooves; a heart murmur declares its presence through a stethoscope; and lameness is often subtle and difficult to detect—all are best assessed by a veterinarian. The fee for this service is tiny compared to owning a horse that you can’t sell in good fait.

6. Contracts for Horse Sales or Lease Agreements

The era of closing a horse sale with a handshake is long gone, yet many purchase agreements today have an abysmal paper trail. We live in a world that requires documentation as protection against lawsuits and disputes between parties who can’t remember the details of the original transaction.

7. Failing to Pre-Check Your Trailer

You’ve probably been there before: You’re in such a hurry to get on the road to the horse show or late for that trail ride that you skip the checklist of pre-departure truck, hitch and trailer inspections before starting the engine.

Owning a new trailer does not preclude a safety check on door and window latches, air vents, butt bars (if you have them), tire inflation, trailer lights, hitch connections, and electric wiring. Trailer windows should be open (with grills closed) based on weather and predicted inside temperature once underway. Most of the time, the temperature inside the trailer is much hotter than outside.

8. Buying and Keeping an Unsuitable Horse

Never buy a horse sight unseen or due to a pretty color. The most important thing is that his temperament matches your ambitions and skill level. Photo by Acceptfoto/Adobe Stock

Far too many people fall in love with a horse at first sight (or photo), throw caution to the wind and buy it, only to soon discover he’s not suited to their skills or needs. Disappointed new owners may resist selling because they are already emotionally committed. This situation typically ends with the horse as a pasture pet or the owner hiring a costly trainer to fix what usually can’t be fixed—an unhappy owner paired with an unsuitable horse.

Buy a horse for what you want to do with him, not because he’s a fashionable breed or has a flashy coat. Buyers should remember the adage, “A good horse is never a bad color.”

9. Trying New Things While Your Horse is Distracted

Don’t set yourself up for failure by ignoring obvious warning signs when teaching your horse something new. Cold, windy weather is not the best time to introduce sidepassing or trail riding. Impending storms often usher in erratic behavior in horses and cause problems under saddle.

Avoid trying to train when the arena is filled with distractions like jumping ponies and galloping reiners. Your horse learns better when he can focus. Likewise, don’t expect concentration when it’s feeding time and all of the other horses are happily digging into their meal.

10. Spoiling Your Horse

Horses are like children in that they will take advantage of weak leadership, and they occasionally need correction. Failing to assert yourself as the leader of your “herd of two” usually ends in disappointment, if not injury.

If you can’t assert yourself enough to do this, your horse will step right into the role. Watch two horses turned out together and you’ll see they settle who is in charge within minutes, and every breach of that agreement will be challenged. Horse owners should never fall for the myth that horses love those who placate and spoil them. Horses respect clear leadership, not pushover love.

Every horse owner has made one of these mistakes in horse care and horsemanship, and probably asked themselves later why they didn’t listen to their inner voice telling them another day would be better to try something new. There is no need to learn a lesson the hard way!

This article about common horse care mistakes appeared in the November/December 2022 issue of Horse Illustrated magazine. Click here to subscribe!

The post 10 Common Horse Care Mistakes appeared first on Horse Illustrated Magazine.

Photo by Anne Alseth/Shutterstock

Severe thunderstorms with high winds, lightning, and hail are never any fun, but they often pass by without causing any significant damage. Still, there’s always the chance that they could cause a problem. The good news is there are some simple steps you can follow to ready your farm and prepare for loss of power. Here, we’ll look at some ways to ensure your property and horses can safely weather the storm, plus some things to consider if you do experience damage.

Lightning

Before the Storm:

◆ Disconnect the fence charger. Electric fencing is usually connected to some type of grounding poles, which turn the whole fence into a giant lightning rod. If lightning does strike your fence, the high voltage may travel through the wires and blast through your fence charger on its way toward dissipating in the ground.

Disconnect electric fence chargers if lightning is in the forecast. Photo by Daniel Johnson

We had this happen once on our farm: Lightning struck a tree on the other side of the pasture, jumped to the ground and then to the electric fence (burning a great deal in the process), and ran all the way around the pasture before destroying the charger.

To keep lightning from potentially ruining your charger, you can simply disconnect the two wires marked “fence” and “ground” (they might be marked with a “+” and “-”) well before the storm arrives. Don’t forget to reconnect them afterwards. (If horses will be in the paddock with that fence during the storm, then this probably isn’t a wise option).

◆ Consider fencing off pasture trees. You’re probably aware that lighting tends to gravitate toward the tallest objects in an area, so single shade trees standing the middle of a pasture can be targets.

If there are horses in the pasture when a storm strikes (more on this below), they may be more inclined to take shelter near the tree. For this reason, some horse owners choose to fence off pasture trees so that the horses can’t stand directly under them.

Wind

Before the Storm:

◆ Prepare trees. This is a bit more of “big picture” issue (not something you’ll be doing five minutes before the storm strikes), but you’ll want to give some thought to possible damage from trees and branches in a storm. Do you have trees near the barn with major branches hanging over the roof? What about other buildings?

◆ Put things away. If there’s a chance of significant wind, try to secure or store your machinery (tractors, UTVs, et cetera). Also, clear the barn aisles of tools and small items that can easily go flying if strong winds rush down the aisle.

After the Storm:

◆ Check fencing. Take a trip around the pastures after the storm to make sure there are no large branches or trees down on the fencing that could allow the horses to get out. Also, keep an eye out for wind damage to the fencing—it’s not impossible for a strong wind to pop boards and even topple posts in certain conditions.

After the storm, look for downed trees that may take out pasture fences and allow horses to escape. Photo by Daniel Johnson

◆ Look for “spookables.” Check the pastures, walking paths, and barn areas for debris and trash blown around (maybe from neighboring properties) that might cause accidents if a horse is surprised by them.

Hail

Before the Storm:

◆ Bring the horses indoors. Hail of any significant diameter can cause injury, so placing the horses in stalls ahead of time is prudent if hail is in the storm forecast.

◆ Park the machines. If you can manage it, consider moving any valuable machines and vehicles indoors to prevent hail damage. Luckily, some horse owners have a large place perfectly suited for this: the indoor riding arena.

After the Storm:

◆ You might want to wait until the hail/sleet has melted before venturing out again; during a warm-weather thunderstorm, this doesn’t take very long.

Water for Horses During Storms

Before the Storm:

◆ Save water. If you can manage it, saving water before the storm is helpful. Besides filling all of your horses’ buckets and troughs to the top, you can save additional water with simple 5-gallon camping containers. If the storm doesn’t come, so much the better—just use up the water the next day.

Save up water in buckets or large containers before storms come in, especially if you are on well water and depend on having power to pump water. Photo by Daniel Johnson

After the Storm:

◆ For city water: If your home or horse barn is connected to a municipal water source, a power outage from a storm might not be an immediate issue, as the town’s water system may be gravity fed (from a water tower, for example), and the water will keep working even without electricity.

◆ If your horse property is more rural and the barn is fed from a private well, this may be more challenging. People often have small generators around to power a few lights and the refrigerator, but well pumps usually take a lot of electrical amps to function and require some special wiring to be in place ahead of time.

If your home has a large generator capable of powering the well pump, you should be able to get water to your horses that way, but owners of small generators may come up a little short. This is where saving water prior to the storm can help. For long-term outages, you could also look at hauling water from a neighbor who hasn’t lost power.

Electric Fence Power

Before the Storm:

◆ Asses your horses’ needs. What happens when you have an electric fence, and there is no electricity to run it? Whether or not this is an issue depends on your horses; some never touch the fence whether it’s on or off; others test it frequently. You’ll have to make a judgement call. The good news is that solar fences aren’t effected by an outage.

After the Storm:

◆ Solar/battery-powered fence: With this system, solar panels collect sunlight during the day to run the fence and store it in batteries for nighttime and cloudy days. If you have a system like this, it’s independent from a storm power outage, so you’re good to go.

◆ AC-powered fence uses AC power from a typical power plug. If there is a prolonged power outage, you can probably plug your electric fence charger up to a small generator, as fence chargers don’t use much power. Another alternative is to have a small solar charger on hand for outage emergencies.

If you rely on AC power for your fences and the power is out after a storm, a small solar or gas-powered generator should be enough to get them going while the power is out. Photo by Daniel Johnson

Horses In or Out During a Storm?

Should the horses be in or out of the barn during a thunderstorm? If the storm is forecast early enough and you have ample time, you can put the horses in the barn, but not everyone does this. However, there are some solid reasons to do so:

◆ Horses may become frightened. High winds and thunder can upset even normally calm horses, and if the storm is intense, they could potentially run into a fence. The exception might be in a case where a particular horse is much more anxious being indoors during the storm. Again, it’s case-by-case question that only you can answer.

◆ Lightning could be a threat. Horses are large, tall animals in an open area, and lightning strikes are not unheard of. Many horse owners prefer placing their animals inside a structurally sound, grounded stable.

◆ Damage to fencing can occur. If storm damage breaches a fence, it could offer the horses an escape route while the storm is still happening and before you have a chance to intervene.

The tips here are only meant to be a guide and to offer some suggestions, but ultimately the decisions are up to you and will come down to your specific situation. Hopefully, your thunderstorms will pass by harmlessly, but it never hurts to do some preparation and have some backup plans in place.

Here’s hoping for beautiful, sunny weather!

This article about keeping your horses and property safe during a storm appeared in the September 2022 issue of Horse Illustrated magazine. Click here to subscribe!

The post Keeping Horses and Property Safe in a Storm appeared first on Horse Illustrated Magazine.

Photo by Martin Ludlam/Shutterstock

State laws tend to allow riding along roadways, but cities may frown upon riding around town. It’s essential to know the laws in your area. Here, we’ll take a look at the general etiquette for safely sharing the road with motorized vehicles when riding your horse.

Road Rules Vary for Riding

You don’t need a license to ride a horse like you do to drive a car, but in many states, horses are governed by the same traffic laws when riding on public roads as motorized traffic. Some states, however, place horses under non-motorized traffic rules, meaning you must follow the same rules as someone riding a bicycle. The difference in wording may impact more areas than you realize—including simple things, like which side of the road on which to ride.

Kathie Troudt Riley, P.C., operates a solo law practice in Loveland, Colo., with an emphasis on equine and agricultural law. She also teaches in the Equine Sciences program at Colorado State University. Riley owns Paint Horses and Quarter Horses, and is an owner of the Flying R Ranch, where they board and train horses.

“Colorado has a specific statute that pertains to horses on our state highways,” says Riley. “Colorado Revised Statutes (CRS) Sections 42-4-109(8) and (10) provide that persons riding or leading horses along any highway in Colorado should do so on the left side of the road, facing traffic.”

However, Riley says there’s an exception if the horses are involved in herding. Coloradans still move cattle, sheep and sometimes horses by driving them on highways.

“If you’re in a horse-drawn conveyance, you use the right side of the road, like a car would,” Riley continues. “The statute states that every person riding or leading a horse or driving a horse-drawn conveyance on a roadway is granted all of the rights of a driver of a motor vehicle and is subject to all of the duties of a driver of a motor vehicle, such as obeying traffic lights and signs, yielding right of way, et cetera. Under our statutes, they’re considered ‘vehicles’ by definition.”

In areas where horse-drawn carriages are frequently seen along roadways, they are expected follow the same traffic laws as motor vehicles. Photo by Paul Briden/Shutterstock

Carina Lyn Roselli, Esq., has been practicing equine law since 2015 and bases her virtual and concierge law firm, CLR Law, PLLC out of Northern Virginia. She specializes in designing comprehensive equine contracts of all varieties, building and developing new equine businesses and nonprofits, and drafting horse trusts that ensure the care and safety of horses in the event of an owner’s incapacity or death.

“Most states allow horses and horse-drawn vehicles on roadways except where signage specifically forbids it,” Roselli says. “People riding horses are generally treated the same under the law as people riding bicycles. So, people riding horses are expected to ride in the same direction as traffic, in almost all states, and as far to the right of the road as possible. Riders must comply with the state’s traffic laws, so the laws for riding on the roadway would only change if the state’s traffic laws changed based on the type of roadway.”

In most states, horses must be ridden in the same direction as traffic, as far over to the side of the road as possible. Photo by Moira K. McGhee

Motorist Responsibilities

Motorists also have a legal responsibility toward horses and riders. While these laws generally involve common sense, many riders can swap stories about misbehavior that could have gotten someone hurt.

Drivers should always slow down and move over when passing riders and not make any sudden noise or movements that might spook the animal. These rules help prevent accidents and protect the rider and mount. Disobeying these rules could result in serious legal consequences.

Drivers are supposed to slow down and avoid making sudden noises or honking when encountering a rider on the road. Photo by Chelle129/Shutterstock

“Under Colorado’s law, if the driver of a motor vehicle violates the traffic code in any way with respect to a horse, such as unsafe passing, following too closely, failure to yield right of way, et cetera, the driver of the vehicle can be fined,” says Riley. “Under Colorado civil law, a good claim of negligence could be made against the driver of a motor vehicle who harms the rider—or the horse—by a traffic-related action or omission.”

One Oklahoma statute states that vehicles must be equipped with a horn and shall give an audible warning when reasonably necessary. However, it specifically states that drivers shouldn’t “use a horn when passing a person riding a bicycle, equine or animal-drawn vehicle under normal conditions if no imminent danger of a collision exists.”

“[In some states] it’s illegal to honk your horn or make any loud noises, such as spinning your tires or revving your engine, when passing horses on the road, but it isn’t illegal in Virginia,” says Roselli. “However, if a motorist doesn’t follow the law regarding how to pass a horse on the road, they can be fined, or worse. If their actions cause injuries to horse(s) or rider(s), they could be facing a lawsuit.”

If you plan to ride on roads frequently, wearing high-visibility gear creates an added layer of safety. Photo by Groomee/Shutterstock

She says that most states regulate the way in which motorized vehicles may pass horses or horse-drawn vehicles. Sometimes these laws are detailed in one sense, but not detailed enough in another.

“In Virginia, motorized vehicles must pass at least 3 feet to the left of the horse or horse-drawn vehicle and not proceed back into the lane until ‘safely clear,’ which can be problematic because drivers who aren’t horse enthusiasts may not understand how much space to safely provide for a horse to avoid injury or spooking,” Roselli says.

Don’t Drink and Ride

“Reckless” riding will potentially get you into legal trouble in Nevada, and riding under the influence (RUI) is illegal pretty much everywhere. Like other modes of travel, drinking and riding don’t mix.

Roselli says you can get a DUI on horseback in some states. In others, including Virginia, you can be fined or arrested for public intoxication if you try to ride your horse home from the bar when drunk.

“It’s unlawful to ride a horse on a highway in Colorado if the rider is under the influence of alcohol, any controlled substance or any stupefying drug,” says Riley. “The violation is a Class B traffic infraction, which may result in a fine of up to $100.

“A rather notorious situation [occurred] in 2013 when a man riding a horse drunk was arrested,” she continues. “He was observed riding erratically, slumped on the side and at one time beating the horse. He was charged with animal cruelty along with riding under the influence.”

No matter the laws in your state, don’t forget that horses have a mind of their own and instincts that may cause them to act in unexpected ways. Some horses spook more easily than others, while some could have a cannon shot off next to them and won’t flinch.

In order to avoid a potentially tragic accident, it’s important that you know your horse well before riding him on any road where unpredictable motorists will be present.

This article about safety for riding your horse on the road appeared in the August 2022 issue of Horse Illustrated magazine. Click here to subscribe!

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Photo by William ShaferSshutterstock

Trail Riding Safety Factor: Your Horse’s Reaction

If you and your horse have ever come across a wild animal while you’re on the trail, the experience was either enjoyable or terrifying, depending on your horse’s reaction. My most seasoned trail horse has seen coyotes many times on our rides, and he will stop and admire them with me if we come across them hunting in a field or walking across the trail.

On the other hand, the first time we came across a deer, his reaction was anything but relaxed. He was unable to identify the four-legged creature with a head full of antlers, and every muscle in his body tightened. It felt like he was ready to bolt.

Most horses will become accustomed to frequently
seen wildlife, such as deer. Photo by Budimir Jevtic/Shutterstock

After seeing deer several times, my horse is no longer scared—he’s figured out they are harmless. But it’s nearly impossible to expose a horse to every wild critter he might come across on the trail in advance of that real-life moment.

Building Trust with Your Horse

Lory Walls and Jamie Dietrich are two experienced North American Trail Ride Conference (NATRC) competitors and judges, with thousands of miles of trails around the country under their belts. Both have come across all kinds of wildlife along a variety of trails, and they concur that the secret to dealing with everything from deer to bobcats is teaching your horse to trust you.

“Building trust starts at home, and should be happening all the time,” says Walls. “You can’t expect the horse to be completely unafraid, but you want to be able to channel and deal with the fear. You do his by building that trust and not keeping the horse in a bubble.”

You can earn your horse’s trust by spending time in both the saddle and on the ground, showing him that you can handle anything scary that comes up. Your horse needs to know that you will keep him safe. Time on both the trail and the arena negotiating obstacles can help foster this.

Practice Obstacles

Start by tackling some potentially scary arena obstacles like wood bridges, tarps and poles. Help your horse understand that you won’t ask him to do something that puts him at risk.

Begin in the arena, getting your horse to trust you through any obstacle he encounters, both in the saddle and on the ground. Photo by Patricia Barker/Shutterstock

Once he has mastered these inanimate objects, expose him to other animals like sheep, goats, barking dogs, pigs—whatever you have access to—while still in the arena. As you help your horse learn to adjust to these animals through regular exposure, he will start to learn to trust you.

Once you feel like your horse is relaxed around domestic animals, go trail riding with someone who has a wildlife-savvy horse for safety and education. Your horse will learn from his trail buddy that wildlife is nothing to fear.

Before you head out on trail alone or with a buddy, be confident that you can control of horse’s feet. According to Dietrich, you want your horse to listen to your hands, seat, legs and voice, even when he’s in a concerning situation.

You also want to teach your horse to wait and watch when he sees something that worries him, instead of just reacting. This takes practice and patience. If your horse stops when he sees an animal or object he’s concerned about, don’t push him toward it until you can feel him relax. It’s important to control you own reaction as well by not tightening your body. If you get nervous, you are likely to produce a fear reaction in the horse.

According to Dietrich, with most wildlife encounters, there’s a momentary startle, and the other critter goes on its way. Big birds like grouse and turkeys make a lot of noise and seem to appear out of nowhere. Even little creatures like rabbits and squirrels can come darting out of a shrub and startle both you and your horse.

In these situations, it’s important to have a good seat to make sure you stay on your horse during that initial spook, and then to work to calm yourself quickly so you can in turn calm your horse.

Dangerous Wildlife While Trail Riding

Most wildlife, like deer, brown bears, coyotes and bobcats, are only a threat if your horse freaks out about them. While these animals will likely freeze or run off when they see horses, a few species are best avoided because of their propensity for aggression.

Coyotes are a common wildlife encounter throughout the U.S., especially around dawn and dusk, but tend to shy away from horses. Photo by James Opiyo/Shutterstock

Grizzly bears are one such animal, and are most often encountered in very remote areas in the northwestern states, Alaska and Canada. Riders in these areas often ride with “grizzly bells” attached to their horses’ saddles or breast collars to help warn bears they are coming and avoid startling them. Grizzlies don’t typically attack riders, but momma bears with cubs nearby can be unpredictable.

Although only a concern in remote areas of the Northwest, even grizzly bears will generally stay away unless a mother bear is protecting her cubs. Photo by Coulter J. Schmitz/Shutterstock

Another species that can pose a problem for riders is snakes, specifically poisonous ones. Coming across a gopher or king snake is no big deal, but stepping on a rattlesnake or cottonmouth can prove deadly.

Most venomous snakes only bite if they feel threatened, and most horse encounters with these kinds of snakes are accidental. That’s why it’s important to stay on designated trails and avoid going “off-roading” in snake country.

Many people are afraid of mountain lions, probably because our ancient ancestors were likely prey for similar large cats. But today’s mountain lions rarely attack adult horses, especially ones with riders, because they look even bigger than an unmounted horse.

While they seem terrifying, mountain lions will usually steer clear of horses, especially when they look even more imposing with a rider aboard. Photo by Warren Metcalf/Shutterstock

Mountain lions are good at concealing themselves, and you are unlikely to see one when riding. If you do, your biggest challenge will be keeping your horse calm. Like humans, horses tend to have a visceral reaction to large predators. If this happens, fall back on your horse’s training and let him know he can trust you to handle the situation.

Use Common Sense While Trail Riding

It goes without saying that all wildlife should be given a wide berth whenever possible. Wild animals typically become aggressive if they feel threatened and will always opt for flight over fight if they can.

Keep in mind that female mammals such as bears, mountain lions, moose and coyotes may behave aggressively if they feel their babies are in danger. If you see a mother and her offspring along the trail, turn around and head in the other direction.

There’s no substitute for preparation and common sense when it comes to wildlife encounters on the trail. Most of the time, it will be a positive experience and a great memory from your ride. Photo by Fotokostic/Shutterstock

Encountering wildlife on the trail can be an exhilarating experience. It is something many trail riders hope for in their journeys, and something they remember for a lifetime. Establish an understanding of wildlife safety and work with your horse to build trust so when you come across a new animal while trail riding, you will both enjoy the moment.

This article about wildlife safety while trail riding appeared in the August 2022 issue of Horse Illustrated magazine. Click here to subscribe!

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