1. Push: Push-Up

The goal of the push-up is to improve upper body strength, shoulder mobility, and posture. This exercise incorporates upper-body postural control with core strength while improving shoulder stability, which adds more confidence and better control with your horse when mounted.

Start on your hands and your knees with your hands positioned under your shoulders. To begin the exercise, assume a high plank position (or modify with knees on the floor). While keeping your body straight, lower your chest and hips down toward the floor as far as you can. Push up to the starting position and repeat.

This should feel like an upper-body workout of your shoulders, chest, and triceps. You should also feel your core, glutes and quads working to maintain a stable position.

Form Tips

• Keep your body in a straight line with your neck neutral.
• Engage your core muscles throughout the movement to stabilize and protect your lower back.
• Stay evenly balanced through both arms as you lower down and push up.

2. Level Change: Bodyweight Stationary Lunge

The goal of this exercise improves the strength, balance, and stability every equestrian needs for effective riding. The unilateral nature of lunges mirrors the independent leg actions required in the saddle, ensuring precise cues. Strong and stable legs aid in maintaining a centered seat, especially during intricate movements or dynamic transitions.

Start standing upright with your feet together, then step forward with one leg, keeping the other leg stationary. Lower your body until both knees are bent at about a 90-degree angle. Ensure your front knee is directly above your ankle, and the other knee hovers just above the ground. Pushing through your front heel, return to the starting position. Repeat.

You should feel all the muscles in your legs working, especially the quad muscles. Your front leg should be doing most of the lifting.

Form Tips

• Refrain from pushing from your back leg.
• Maintain your balance by engaging your core.

3. Pull: Single Leg & Arm Row

The goal of the row is to improve your balance, position and shoulder mobility for better posture in the saddle.

This exercise offers numerous benefits that enhance riding performance. Rows improve your posture and stability in the shoulder girdle by strengthening your upper back and shoulder muscles, both of which are important for maintaining balance with your horse. This exercise helps correct body asymmetry, helping create more balanced aids.

Begin in a standing position on one leg and hold the dumbbell in your opposite hand. From this position, hinge forward at the hips, reaching down with the weight. At the bottom of the hip-hinge position, perform a row motion by starting with your arm straight. Initiate the row motion and pull your shoulder blade back while bending your elbow toward your ribcage.

You will feel the muscles of your leg working, including your quads, hamstring, glutes, and foot muscles. When performing the row, you work your shoulder muscles and the muscles surrounding your shoulder blade.

Form Tips

• Perform a hip-hinge by pushing your hips back and shifting your torso forward.
• Don’t lock your knee straight; instead, keep a slight bend in it.

4. Rotation: T-Roll

The T-roll is a fantastic exercise that combines elements of strength, balance, and mobility, all of which are important for riders.

This exercise strengthens your core, which is crucial for maintaining a stable seat and effective aids in the saddle. The rotational component also improves your shoulder stability and overall body awareness and control. These are factors that can contribute to better self-carriage and communication with your horse.

This exercise also engages your shoulder and back muscles, which promote better posture and upper-body strength for more effective rein control and pressure.

Begin in a high plank position, with your hands underneath your shoulders and your body forming a straight line from head to heels.

Engage your core and shift your weight onto one hand. Lift the opposite hand off the ground and rotate your torso, extending your arm toward the ceiling to make a “T.” Hold this position briefly before returning to the starting plank position. Repeat the movement on the other side, rotating and extending.

You’ll feel your core muscles engaging for stability. Your shoulder and arm muscles are stabilizing when holding the plank and during the rotation. Your obliques engage during the twisting motion, and your back muscles contribute to maintaining the “T” posture.

Form Tips

• Keep your body in a straight line when in the plank position; avoid letting your hips sag or lifting them too high.
• Maintain a strong, engaged core throughout the entire movement to stabilize your spine.
• Keep your weight-bearing arm straight (but not locked) to support your body during rotation.
• Choose a controlled, deliberate pace for the exercise to ensure proper form and maximum benefits.
• If balance is a challenge, you can widen your foot stance in the plank position for more stability.

5. Locomotion: Anterior Reach

The goal of the anterior reach exercise is to improve single leg stability, proprioception (sense of body position) and balance.

This is an effective single-leg exercise that engages your core, improves balance, and promotes functional mobility, all of which are crucial for maintaining a steady seat and effective aids when riding. By strengthening your lower body, this exercise will help improve your stability in the saddle, a fundamental component of good horsemanship.

Start by standing straight with your feet hip-width apart. Choose a leg to extend. Keep your toes lifted and foot flexed. While extending this leg, push your hips back and slightly bend the knee of your standing leg, keeping a flat back and an engaged core.

Gradually lower your torso, reaching your back leg parallel to the ground. Hold this position for a second, then return to a starting position. Repeat the same motion with the other leg.

This primarily engages your core and lower body, specifically the hamstrings, glutes, quadriceps, and calf muscles. It also engages the stabilizing muscles of the foot and ankle.

Form Tips

• Keep a neutral spine and engage your core.
• Perform the exercise with slow, controlled movements to make it more effective.
• Focus on maintaining balance and form, not how far you can reach.
• If balance is a challenge, do this exercise near a wall or a stable object for light support.
• Begin with a smaller range of motion and gradually increase as your strength and balance improve.

More From Ifa Simmonds

• Core Strength for Equestrians
• Barn Banter – Episode 16, featuring Ifa Simmonds

Get more info on Ifa Simmond’s Equestrian Fitness Academy website, or message him to set up a clinic, workshop, or live training session.

This article about functional exercises for riding appeared in the September 2024 issue of Horse Illustrated magazine. Click here to subscribe!

The post 5 Functional Exercises to Improve Your Riding appeared first on Horse Illustrated Magazine.

Human Anatomy

Contrary to popular belief, the core isn’t just your abdominal muscles, or “abs.” Your core is a complex system of muscles that spans your torso and hips; these work together to provide stability and facilitate movement.

Your core is essentially your base of riding. It offers the stability required to free and control limb movement, which is crucial for everyone.

The following are some of the significant muscles within this system.

◆ Diaphragm: Assists in proper breathing and the uppermost part of the core.

◆ Rectus abdominis: Commonly known as the “six-pack-ab” muscle, it helps in upper body flexion.

◆ Obliques: These muscles on the sides allow trunk rotation and side flexion.

◆ Quadratus lumborum: Deep core muscle that aids in spine extension and lateral control.

◆ Transverse abdominal: The deepest and very important muscle that supports and compresses the abdominal organs.

◆ Multifidus: Provides spinal stability during movements.

◆ Erector spinae: Extends the trunk and assists in lateral flexion.

◆ Pelvic floor muscles: Main support of the pelvic organs and the lowest part of the core trunk area.

Prioritize Core Strength

Riders need a stable and balanced core even more than most other sports. Imagine trying to direct and guide a horse without a firm base: Regardless of how strong your limbs are, without a sturdy core, it’s challenging to consistently improve riding performance.

Envision trying to take a jump without proper core stability. Despite having great balance, you won’t have the self-carriage to collect yourself and the horse effectively.

Moreover, a strong and supple core sets the foundation for balance—a vital aspect for all riders. A weaker core often leads to poor balance and reaction time, increasing risks of falls and mishaps while riding.

Strengthen Your Core

When most people think of core strengthening, traditional exercises like crunches, planks, and sit-ups most likely come to mind. Instead, try focusing on stability; you don’t necessarily need intense ab workouts. Simple exercises focusing on core stability will do wonders.

To begin learning proper breathing and core engagement, try the exercise below.

Diaphragm Breathing

Start by lying on your back. Concentrate on breathing through your nostrils while naturally expanding your stomach. Inhale, lift; exhale, lower. This is the first step to proper breathing for success on the trail, around a jump course, or in the arena.

As you engage your core properly with this first breathing exercise, you can introduce more challenging movements with more complex exercises, such as supine tabletop crunches, foot taps, deadbugs, turtle, and more.

The Turtle Exercise

The turtle exercise places emphasis on core stability and balance, both of which are fundamental for riders. A strong core helps you maintain an upright posture in the saddle while absorbing the horse’s movements, improving the effectiveness of your aids.

How To: Lie on a mat on your back. Extend your arms overhead. Lift your legs about 6 to 12 inches off the ground. The aim is to balance on your lower back with your shoulders slightly off the ground. Hold this position for the desired timeframe.

Muscles Activated: The primary muscles targeted are the rectus abdominis, obliques, and lower back. This position also requires engagement from the hip flexors and adds an extra challenge to the core muscles.

Common Missteps in Core Workouts

Equestrians, eager to strengthen their core, often make mistakes like rushing through exercises instead of taking the time to learn and perfect their form.

A strong core not only enhances your riding—it can also reduce unnecessary injuries. However, it’s crucial to work on all core muscles, not just the abs.

Your core is the foundation of your riding. A stable and strong core ensures a better-balanced, stronger rider, ready for any unexpected challenges in the saddle.

Further Reading
◆ Developing Core Stability for Horse and Rider
◆ Fit Rider: Get a Stronger Core
◆ Fit Rider: Yoga Poses for Core Strength
◆ Fit Rider: The Core of the Matter
◆ Fit Rider: Core Exercises for Equestrians

This article about core strength for equestrians appeared in the August 2024 issue of Horse Illustrated magazine. Click here to subscribe!

The post Core Strength for Equestrians appeared first on Horse Illustrated Magazine.

Modifications can be applied to make the poses more or less challenging. With the vast number of postures, if one doesn’t work for you, there’s likely another with similar benefits that will.

The physical postures have great value to equestrians when riding. Staying in shape also comes into play when working around the barn raking, shoveling, and lifting hay bales. It’s important to include postures that work on the following three physical traits: flexibility, strength, and balance.

Here are a few of my favorite yoga postures for equestrians.

Flexibility: Standing Forward Bend

Flexibility is an important component of equestrian fitness. Swinging a leg up and over a saddle requires flexibility. Having a flexible body also helps keep stiffness and soreness at bay. Additionally, if an unfavorable dismount were to occur, the flexible body typically sustains less injury.

There are lots of great yoga postures to improve flexibility, but I feel the most beneficial one is Standing Forward Bend. Not only do the legs get a great stretch, but so does the lower back. Also, inversions increase healthy blood flow to the head, brain, and thyroid. This pose is much more attainable than headstands, yet still garners the inversion benefits.

How-To:

◆ Stand with feet hip-width apart. Inhale and raise your arms overhead; with a flat back, exhale and swan dive forward, placing your hands on your shins, feet, or the floor, depending upon your level of flexibility.

◆ Drop your head so as not to create neck strain.

◆ Keep your knees relatively straight but not locked. You’ll want to feel some stretch on the backs of your legs.

◆ Hold the pose for five breaths or to your comfort level. If you feel there’s too much blood flow to the head, slowly come out of the stretch. 

◆ To exit, roll up slowly, stacking the vertebra, or take a reverse swan dive up.

◆ When finished, pause for a moment with hands in prayer position at the heart center; observe the blood flow redistributing, and allow the goodness of the posture to soak in.

◆ Standing Forward Bend can also be used as an entry point to other poses such as Plank, Lunges, Downward Dog, and Chair Pose.

Strength: Standing Goddess Pose

Physical strength is necessary as an equestrian, whether it’s being able to mount up easier, posting, or lifting a saddle.

There are many strengthening postures such as Chair Pose, Planks, and Warrior variations, but one of my favorites for riders is Standing Goddess Pose, which focuses on legs, inner thighs, quadriceps, and buttocks.

How-To:

◆ Stand with your feet wide apart and turn your toes out slightly; to avoid knee strain, your big toe should never be turned out past the knee.

◆ Begin with hands on your hips, then bend both knees equally, sinking your tailbone toward the floor.

◆ Don’t lean forward; the crown of your head should point toward the sky.

◆ After bending your knees, different arm variations can be added. Try prayer position in front of your chest (when palms are pressed together—this engages the pectoral/chest muscles). Bringing your arms overhead at shoulder width apart is another option.

◆ Hold the posture for five deep breaths, perhaps working up to a longer hold time as your strength increases. Three sets are recommended, taking short breaks between.

Balance: Tree Pose

Improve balance and focus both in and out of the saddle through balancing postures.

There’s an array of balancing yoga postures, but one of the most basic, yet effective, is Tree Pose, which can include variations to add challenge if the basic version is too easy. On the flip side, there are modifications to make Tree Pose simpler if you’re challenged by balancing poses.

Even though balance poses may not look like strengthening postures, many tiny muscles work to hold a balanced position. As muscles build, balance improves; work from where you are and enjoy the incremental improvements you’ll see from regular practice.

Mental focus also comes into play when mastering balance and is a means to developing concentration, which is helpful in horsemanship.

How-To:

◆ Begin with both feet solidly on the floor, with your weight placed symmetrically.

◆ Gently fix your gaze on something stationary ahead of you; hold your gaze there without wavering, regardless of what’s going on around you. In yoga, we call this focused intention, or drishti.

◆ Soften your standing knee; don’t bend it, but don’t lock it either.

◆ Shift your belly button over one foot, which equates to moving your center.

The following are foot placement options (based on your level of balance) for the leg that will be moving on to the standing leg:

◆ Keeping a big toe on the floor makes the pose easier. You can work up to placing your foot higher on the standing leg: ankle, knee, thigh, or crossed. The higher the placement, the harder the posture becomes.

◆ If challenged by Tree Pose, there’s no harm in using a wall, chair back, or windowsill to lightly place a hand if you feel wobbly.

◆ Hands are traditionally placed in front of the chest in a prayer position. For variety, arms could be extended upward or out to the sides.

◆ Keeping your arms in a stationary position is easiest, but to add more challenge, moving them while in Tree can be another option.

◆ If Tree Pose is too easy, try it with your eyes closed, which adds another dimension of difficulty.

Key Takeaway

Keep your yoga and fitness regimen interesting and doable. As you’ll see from some of these photos, practice can be done on the mat, on the trail, or in the ring! Consider committing to a regular practice and glean the many benefits you’ll notice in your riding and your overall physical and mental fitness.

Further Reading
◆ Groundwork for the Human
◆ Similarities Between Yoga and Horsemanship
◆ Your Equestrian Wellness & Fitness Journey

This article about yoga postures for equestrians appeared in the July 2024 issue of Horse Illustrated magazine. Click here to subscribe!

The post Yoga Postures for Equestrians appeared first on Horse Illustrated Magazine.

Your Brain: A Quick Tour

The human brain is a complex structure that can process enormous amounts of input in a split second. One of the most vital structures is the brain stem.

Take your hand and feel from the top of your head to the base of your skull. There, where the skull joins the neck, is the brain stem. This is the never-sleeping power plant that controls all the automatic processes that keep us alive: breathing, heartbeat, blood pressure, and so on.

In addition to this autonomic system, our brain has the limbic system, which is involved in our emotional and behavioral responses. Two key components of the brain’s limbic system are the hippocampus (associated with memory) and the amygdala (associated with fear). They in turn regulate the parasympathetic (rest and digest) and sympathetic (fight or flight) nervous systems.

Why Does Neuroscience Matter for Equestrians?

As riders, we just want to ride well, maybe compete successfully, stay calm under pressure, and enjoy the journey with our horse. So why should we care about brain anatomy? The answer is simple: Because it affects everything.

“Neuroscience is at the frontier of giving us the evidence and knowledge to understand what our individual brains and bodies need to be healthy and to learn, grow, adapt and change,” says Misha Bechtolsheim, a sports performance and fitness professional based in California. With over two decades of cumulative knowledge of applied neurology, athletic conditioning, injury rehabilitation, and movement anatomy, she has had the opportunity to support a wide range of clients.

The experiences we’ve had during our lifetime shape our “output”—who we are—and how we respond to situations, stimulus and threats (real or perceived).

But equally vital is the quality of inputs to our brain.

“When we can control the quality of information we provide our brain, we help it make quick, safe, reasonable decisions and allow us to continually expand what we’re capable of,” says Bechtolsheim.

On the other hand, poor quality (or unplanned, reactionary) input can decrease confidence, slow reaction times, and lead to injuries, dementia, high blood pressure, muscle stiffness, vertigo and more.

But there’s good news.

“Our brain is highly adaptable,” says Bechtolsheim. “The importance of neuroplasticity, or brain change, can’t be overstated. It means that not only is it is possible to change dysfunctional patterns of thinking and behaving, but we can develop new mindsets, skills, abilities, and emotional patterns, no matter our age or current skills.”

Your Brain: Care & Feeding

To stay healthy and sharp, our brain needs two things: fuel and activation.

Its fuel is glucose and oxygen. In the next section, you’ll learn how breathing can significantly affect your brain and how you feel, both physically and emotionally.

Activation means “use it or lose it.”

“To grow and adapt, we need to challenge our brains enough so that it’s a bit difficult,” says Bechtolsheim. “The key is to have just enough challenge, but not so much that it triggers overwhelm and fear.”

The latter just leads to the brain going into protective mode and shutting down, much like a horse that’s been pushed too far, too fast.

In addition, your brain is constantly scanning the environment for threat and always asking the question, “Is this dangerous?”

When you can answer “no” with actions and input that instill trust and engage curiosity, then your brain can become comfortable with increasing levels of challenge over time. Before you know it, you may be able to do things you never thought possible because you allowed your brain to stay safe while it was learning it could do more.

Brain Game No. 1: Breathe

Breath work should be a point of focus for everyone, regardless of your level of performance or what activity or sport you do.

“Breathing well [brings more] oxygen to the brain, which reduces the threat that the brain might be experiencing,” says Bechtolsheim.

Because the brain is always scanning for threats, when you’re breathing better, you’re in a more relaxed state.

“[When] you’re feeling more comfortable and not stressed, your nervous system can relax and you are able to perform with greater mobility, focus and ease,” she explains.

Breath work is effective because the mixture of oxygen and carbon dioxide in our bloodstream can change our state of mind.

“Different types of stress can benefit from different ‘mixtures’ to help us feel safe and calm,” adds Bechtolsheim. “For example, prolonged exhales have been shown to induce greater levels of relaxation, improve mood, lower blood pressure, and increase activity in the vagus nerve when compared to longer inhales.”

In addition, breathing affects our physical body.

“Around your diaphragm is the rib cage, which connects to your thoracic spine,” she continues. “The thoracic spine connects to your lumbar [lower back] spine as well as to your neck and shoulders and head. Your lumbar spine also connects to your pelvis, which sits on the saddle.”

Because everything is connected, tightness in your breath can constrict your shoulders, tighten your fingers on the reins, pull your pelvis out of alignment or affect your balance.

“Riding is such a nuanced skill that any small shift or place of tension could mean you’re having one conversation in your head, but your body is telling your horse something completely different,” says Bechtolsheim.

During the day, begin to practice bringing your awareness back to your breath frequently. Is it high and shallow? Deep and low?

To bring your nervous system into a calmer, more regulated state, try the breathing exercises that fit the situation you’re in or the way you’re feeling. If you know certain activities trigger anxiety, breathe consciously before you begin and continue with the breathwork (see below).

Breathwork Exercises

During the day, begin to practice bringing awareness to your breath and increase the quality of your breathing with one of these exercises. For each, repeat the cycle four or five times or for a total of five minutes at a time.

Situation: Anxiety and Nerves

• Inhale: 2 counts
• Hold: 2 counts
• Exhale: 6 counts

Situation: Performance Anxiety

• Inhale: 4 counts
• Hold: 4 counts
• Exhale: 4 counts
• Hold: 4 counts

This is known as box breathing.

Situation: Mind Racing; Getting Ready to Sleep

• Inhale: 4 counts
• Hold: 7 counts
• Exhale: 8 counts

Situation: Confrontation; Being Upset After an Argument

• Inhale deeply
• Exhale deeply with open mouth

Brain Game No. 2: Balance

“Balance is an integral part of fitness and wellness at any age, with any movement, for any sport,” says Bechtolsheim.

It’s no surprise that good balance increases your brain’s feeling of safety and expands your range of abilities into your capable zone (see “Comfort vs. Capable Zones,” pg. 49).

Poor balance, on the other hand, can lead to increased risk of falling, moving without confidence, feeling stiff or getting dizzy. All of these are compounded with riding because the added height when we’re in the saddle increases your brain’s sense of danger because it wants to protect you from falling and injury.

If you want to improve your balance, you have to challenge it—but not provide so much challenge that you can’t succeed, according to Bechtolsheim.

“For this reason, doing balance drills that are too hard and that you can’t do successfully causes stress in the brain and decreases trust in movement.”

As you explore these balance exercises, remember that brain plasticity is driven by novelty and intensity (among other things), so make sure you’re incorporating both.

Balance Exercises

To challenge your balance, stand up and start to explore different positions for your feet, head and eyes, then play with adding speed to these position changes.

Foot Position (from least to most challenging):

• Straight ahead, hip distance apart
• Spread stance, one foot in front of the other. The closer together they are, and the more in-line (like standing on a tightrope), the bigger the challenge.
• Standing on one foot

Head Movement

• Up and down
• Side to side
• Diagonal

Eyes

• Both open
• Both closed
• One eye open

Movement Speed

• Slow
• Medium
• Fast

Layering Challenge

• Put together several aspects at the same time.
• For example, stand with spread stance, close one eye, and move your head.

Remember to have fun with these exercises. Don’t judge yourself or feel that you should somehow be doing better. Just take it slow, breathe, and keep progressing.

Brain Game No. 3: Bounce

If you have a stability ball, you know it’s great for core work and maintaining the good posture you want when you ride. But did you know that bouncing on the ball is an amazing tool for your brain?

“Sitting on the ball and bouncing is great for the lymphatic system, hydrating and stimulating the fascia and providing a low-impact quad workout,” says Bechtolsheim. “It also challenges your visual system and activates your vestibular balance system.”

Start with bouncing and then add auditory and rhythmic training. The combination increases neuroplasticity exponentially.

Here are a few ideas to play with.

• First, sit on the ball and bounce up and down to establish a rhythm.
• Use your hands to tap the side of the ball, then clap them together.
• Vary the rhythm.
• Try alternating sides.
• Do a double clap.
• Time the rhythm both with and against the bounce.
• Create different rhythms and tones.

Remember, the health and brain benefits come from the act of doing the activity, not in the perfection of it.

“Let yourself make ‘mistakes,’ learn from them, grow from them, and just have fun,” says Bechtolsheim.

Not only will you get an awesome quad and cardio workout, but you’ll be creating a lot of plastic change in your brain.

Comfort vs. Capable Zone

You’ve heard of your comfort zone, bud did you know there’s also a “capable zone” and a “threatening zone”?

If you go into the threatening zone, you’re more likely to get injured and be outside your ability level. In comparison, your comfort zone is just that—comfortable.

The problem is that if you stay comfortable, you can’t change, improve or grow. Ironically, the more you stay in your comfort zone, the more threatening and unpredictable everything becomes because you’re not used to anything else.

The key to growing safely and learning is to expand into your capable zone. Here, you can challenge yourself and expand your skill set, tools and experiences. All this makes your brain feel more and more comfortable with trying new things and shifting into problem-solving mode.

Key Takeaway: Brain Power For Life

As you’ve discovered, breathing consciously, improving balance and exploring rhythm through play helps your brain learn, grow and trust in your expanding abilities.

Just a few minutes of brain games a day can help you let go of past limitations and reach higher levels in your riding—and possibly improve other areas of your life as well!

This article about equestrian brain games and neuroscience appeared in the March 2024 issue of Horse Illustrated magazine. Click here to subscribe!

The post Brain Games: Equestrian Neuroscience appeared first on Horse Illustrated Magazine.

For many equestrians, winter means a change in routine. Bitter cold winds, freezing hands, thick mud, and icy roads can have the potential to make riding dangerous, inaccessible, or just downright miserable. Even those who live in more favorable climates may find the dwindling daylight cramping their riding schedule.

And saddle time is often replaced with extra-grueling barn chores. Aside from making sure our fur babies are taken care of, it may be tempting to put all unnecessary movement aside and curl up under a thick blanket and wait for spring to come. But neglecting winter fitness could mean increasing your chances of injury and setting you back on your riding goals come spring.

What is Injury?

In the equestrian world, the word “injury” may conjure up frightening images of fractures and concussions, but small muscle strains are also a type of injury. These tears are sometimes caused when too much force is exerted on a weak muscle after a long period of inactivity.

These sorts of injuries can affect even those who are committed to a regular fitness routine. It can feel like a sudden pain in your back after bending the wrong way or reaching up too high.

Particularly in cold temperatures, blood tends to leave the extremities to keep the core temperature regulated, decreasing the pliability of ligaments and increasing the chance of a tear. These injuries can also pop up when the weather warms again if we’ve been inactive and our muscles have become weak.

The good news is that these imbalances can be avoided with a bit of body awareness and a few changes to your routine. If you apply these guidelines to your day, whether at home or at the barn, you will achieve a more balanced musculature and decrease chances of injury during the colder months.

Equestrian Winter Fitness Tip 1: Always Warm-Up

Just as it’s important to warm your horse up prior to any exercise, warming your own body up before activity helps avoid injury.

While “warming up” is a bit of a misnomer since your internal temperature is already warm, doing gentle cardiovascular activities, such as walking in place, further increases blood flow to your muscles.

This is important for everyday activities like bending down to unload the dishwasher in the morning, but even more so with activities that require more force, like lifting a 50-pound grain bag.

A great starting point is a brisk three-minute walk or jogging in place, followed by gently mimicking the motions you will be performing later.

Equestrian Winter Fitness Tip 2: Recognize Your Dominant Side

If you do your own barn chores, winter signals the return of certain tasks. While it may have been months since you’ve done these chores, your body’s muscle memory enables you to pick up those activities where you left off. This is great for getting the job done quickly, but bad for creating muscular balance and avoiding injury.

If you tend to rotate to the left to shovel a frozen pile of manure into a wheelbarrow, one side will become very strong, and the opposite very weak. But even if you don’t do barn chores, using your non-dominant side during everyday activities will promote balance.

To put this into practice, start by recognizing your dominant side when you open a door, throw the ball for the dog, carry groceries, or groom your horse. Then switch to the other for a few repetitions or minutes, slowly building up frequency over several days.

Equestrian Winter Fitness Tip 3: Keep Moving

You’ve probably heard Sir Isaac Newton’s first law of motion, that a body at rest tends to stay at rest, and a body in motion tends to stay in motion. He was talking about physics, but the idea holds true with our health habits.

Winter can be a time where we not only fight the weather and shorter days, but sluggishness and holiday overindulgence. If we set very small goals to stay in motion throughout the day, we are more likely to continue with even more movement and not sink into sedentary habits.

Using larger, oxygen-hungry muscles throughout the day not only promotes good circulation with nutrient rich blood, but it helps improves your mood, energy levels, and sleep quality throughout the winter. Staying active can be a challenge for those who have more sedentary jobs, but it doesn’t require much time. Scheduling several short three-minute walks around the office building is one way to keep your body in motion.

Key Takeaway

You may not be able to control the changing seasons, but you can control decisions regarding your health. By making these simple changes, you will increase your body awareness, decrease potential injuries, and—who knows—you may even find yourself looking forward to next winter!

This article about equestrian winter fitness tips appeared in the November/December 2023 issue of Horse Illustrated magazine. Click here to subscribe!

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Welcome to Barn Banter, the official podcast of Horse Illustrated. In Barn Banter episode 26, hosts Susan Friedland and Horse Illustrated Editor In Chief Holly Caccamise chat about last month’s Equine Affaire Massachusetts, gift-giving, and setting new goals before talking with Cathy Woods, a regular contributor to Horse Illustrated and the author of Yoga for Riders. To end the episode, they chat with Michelle Murch, equine and farm program manager for the New Hampshire SPCA, about Tilly, this month’s ASPCA Right Horse adoptable horse.

Click to listen on your preferred podcast listening platform.

Cathy Woods, Yogini and Horsewoman

Cathy Woods is a longtime yogini, horsewoman, author, yoga teacher, international retreat leader/presenter, and creator of her trademarked program, Body, Mind, Equine, who focuses on overall equestrian wellness.

Cathy aims to impart a practical approach to authentic yoga and mindful horsemanship, making it accessible to everyone regardless of what that looks like for the individual. She’s passionate about supporting equestrians in their wellness journey, promoting a more enriched and skillful life.

Her yogic journey naturally transpired as a child. Having nurtured that path and lifestyle for many years, she began leading programs in 1991. Cathy enjoys combining and sharing her passions of yoga, horses, travel, and women’s empowerment in creative ways and finds great joy in helping people handcraft their lives and their horsemanship

Her programs have been offered at distinguished locations such as The Kripalu Center for Yoga and Health, Yogaville Ashram, and Mount Madonna Center. On the equine front, Cathy has partnered with amazing venues such as Equitana, Liberty Festival, Equine Affaire, Warwick Schillers Journey on Summit, Tryon International Equestrian Center, and C Lazy U Ranch, to name a few. She also shares her work through her book Yoga for Riders, published by Trafalgar Square Books, and writing for publications such as Horse Illustrated, and others. She’s been featured in Forbes, Yoga Digest, Horse and Rider, and many other publications.

Cathy is an avid equine enthusiast and longtime backcountry trail rider who loves exploring the natural world from the back of a horse. She remains passionate and dedicated to sharing authentic yoga and how it enhances life and horsemanship.

She is based in the Great Smoky Mountains of North Carolina. Find out more at cathywoodsyoga.com.

Adoptable Horse of the Month, Tilly

This sweet, sassy Quarter Horse pony is a perfect companion. Tilly is approximately 7 years old, 14.1 hands high and gets along with everyone. She is companion only, as she has been diagnosed with ringbone, which causes her to be lame when under saddle in work. Tilly would benefit from a home with someone willing to spend time loving on her; she was bounced around and never really had consistent attention. She doesn’t have a mean bone in her body, but she just hasn’t been given the chance to shine.

Tilly enjoys free-longeing, and the NHPSCA has started doing liberty work with her, during which she has proven to be a brave young lady. If you enjoy spending time grooming and doing groundwork with a horse, she is your girl. She is an easy keeper and is not on any medication. Tilly is up to date on all her vaccines, dental, and she is even microchipped.

Learn more about Tilly here.

In addition to Barn Banter episode 26, you can check out all previous episodes of Horse Illustrated’s podcasts here.

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Many parallels exist between true yoga and good horsemanship. When I say yoga, I mean the whole of yoga, not just the postures, which is what most people think of when they think about yoga, but yoga principles as well. The parallels are where the yoga mat meets the saddle.

Much of what is taught and practiced in yoga are many of the same philosophies we’d apply to mindful horsemanship: being present, breathing awareness, slowing down, and being balanced, just to name a few.

Yoga is an awareness practice; as we become more aware through yoga, we naturally begin to carry that heightened awareness off the mat and into our time with horses. Additionally, we notice and experience how many yogic principles apply to horsemanship and how many similarities there truly are.

I invite you to review these parallels and take a closer look at the likeness between the two practices. I’m confident you’ll see the connections. While reviewing them, ask yourself the following questions:

Am I practicing this on my yoga mat?
Am I practicing this in my horsemanship?

The Parallels Between Yoga and Horsemanship

Present moment awareness: Life happens in the now. Multi-tasking takes us away from the present. Use breath and bodily sensations as tools to stay harnessed in the here and now.

A training ground for life: Yoga and horsemanship are opportunities to come to know ourselves better by exploring our multi-faceted levels. We observe the way we process, learn, act, react, interact, think, and feel.

Bring consciousness to everything: Pay attention to your body, your breathing, and your energy. Journey through life aware, conscious, and deliberate, experiencing all the moments.

Breathe through challenges: Move with the breath, and not against it. Use the breath as a tool at any time you feel challenged or unfocused—on the mat and in the saddle.

Go beyond the mind: You can often do more than the mind thinks you can.

Energy shifts: Notice when energy shifts and changes within yourself, your horse, and your surroundings.

Move with grace: Bring as much grace as possible into a yoga posture, horsemanship, or any other situation, even when it feels challenging.

Accept: Work from where you are on that mat and with your horsemanship, holding a generous attitude of acceptance.

Stay balanced: Maintain equanimity in all areas of life, not just physically. Balance inner and outer.

Slow down: Don’t exhaust yourself by staying on the fast-paced treadmill of life. Slow down through yoga and when working with or around our equine friends; they will appreciate it.

Know where you are in space and time: Be aware of where the body is in space and time, physically and tangibly—where placement is on the mat and when around horses. Notice positioning, bodily sensations, alignment, distance, spacing, and orientation.

Drop expectations: Release the energy spent on expectations of yourself, others, or life in general. Free up energy for better use, and experience what unfolds.

Observe the mind chatter: Be an observer of the mind chatter but know you don’t always have to buy into it. Listen to your inner voice and discern what is pertinent.

Experience and celebrate: Stop and experience sensations, the release, and energy after a yoga stretch. Stop, experience, and celebrate after an accomplishment with your horse.

Making the Transfer

By practicing authentic yoga on the mat, you will become more in tune with the fact that the teachings apply to both yoga and horsemanship.

Once these silks are honed, they organically transfer off the mat and into our time with horses, as well as into other areas of our lives, helping us to be more aware and skilled humans in all that we do.

Further Reading:
◆ Yoga for Riders
◆ Fit Rider: Yoga Poses for Core Strength

This article about the similarities between yoga and horsemanship appeared in the September 2023 issue of Horse Illustrated magazine. Click here to subscribe!

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The instructor was Allie Baier of EquiPT, a physical therapy practice specializing in working with riders. She opened the class stating that even though we take 20,000 breaths per day, most of us are inefficient breathers.

By becoming better breathers, we become more effective riders, in addition to gaining other significant health benefits.

Why Breathing for Equestrians?

I scribbled six pages of notes during the session, and learned that by breathing correctly, we can be a role model for our horse’s performance. I have a horse with anxious tendencies. When he gets anxious, I hold my breath. I had never thought of myself as a breathing role model.

Better breathing improves mental focus, physical stamina, and core strength, which improves balance in the saddle. Breathing optimally improves our emotional and behavioral states, and nose breathing—as opposed to mouth breathing—even changes the pH in our blood, making us less prone to inflammation and infection. Nose breathing also improves our immunity and muscle recovery.

Stress, anxiety, and rounded posture from too much tech time all contribute to less-than-ideal breathing. In addition, riders with poor body image who attempt to flatten their bellies by “sucking in” cannot take optimal breaths.

Riders are not alone in mediocre breathing. Our horses might not breathe optimally for reasons such as improper saddle and/or girth fit, stiffness due to age or cold weather, or standing in a stall for too many hours.

Lower Ribcage Motility Exercise

360-Degree Breathing

Baier delivered a hands-on anatomy lesson related to a concept called “360-degree breathing.”

She had us place one hand on our sternum and one on our upper abdomen; we inhaled and exhaled to both observe and feel how our hands rose and fell together in harmony.

Next, we held our hands on our side, in an exaggerated “bossy” hands on hips position, but instead of our hips, our hands were on our rib cages to feel the lateral expansion.

The best breathing practice is to have movement in all three regions simultaneously: up and forward, with our sternum and belly, and right and left on our sides. When 360 breathing, there will also be a bit of movement in your lower back as your diaphragm drops down, which draws attention to the horse’s hind end during deceleration for better downward transitions.

Lateral Expansion Exercises

Pre-Ride Breathing Awareness

A practice you can employ before riding is to check in with your breath as you drive up the farm driveway. Turn off that podcast (hopefully you listen to Barn Banter by Horse Illustrated) and assess how you’re breathing. Are you holding your breath? Are you breathing from your chest, or breathing from your belly?

Then note the surroundings. Is it a windy day? Has the temperature outside just dropped? Are horses playing, or grazing peacefully? Are there tree trimmers on property or tractors operating nearby? Ask yourself, “Does the environment change my breathing?”

Before mounting, assess your breathing. Take deep inhales and exhales as you put a foot in the stirrup and swing up into the saddle.

Lower Ribcage Lateral Breathing

Breathing as a Riding Aide

During the class, we got down on our hands and knees to pretend we were a horse tracking right. As we mimicked the curved shape of the bend, Baier encouraged us to think about expanding our left lung as we breathed, filling it up. As we tracked left, we focused on filling up our right lung.

“The intentional ‘steering’ of air into the outside lung will soften the outer trunk muscles and contract inner trunk muscles,” says Baier. “But you’re not doing anything with your legs—it’s all your breath. The utility of the breath will help you go deeper into the corners and have the momentum to connect to the outside rein.”

For a lazy horse, take a breath in and push it out forcibly, followed by the seat aide. If your horse is eager to go, take a backward breath, trying to breathe in along the back of your spine.

Your voice pitch, pace and power can also elicit two different responses in your horse. By speaking in a high-pitched, quick or excited sing-songy voice, it will set an energetic tone for the horse.

In contrast, a low-pitched voice drops air into our abdomens, which will work to help us lower and slow our horse’s energy and pace.

“Talk to him in your ‘man voice.’ Slow and low,” my trainer once coached when my Thoroughbred was over-enthusiastic in a lesson. My encouraging, up-talky “good boys” were not helping.

If your horse is spooky or too amped, try breathing in for five seconds, then exhale for six to eight seconds.

A breathing awareness exercise you can try any time is to stand next to your untacked horse, placing one hand on his belly and one on your own. Feel your horse’s breathing and try to match it. Without the distraction of riding or treats, we can create a sense of connection with our horse.

By intentionally pausing for small moments like this to focus on improving breathing, we can also bond more deeply with our horse.

This article about breathing for equestrians appeared in the July 2023 issue of Horse Illustrated magazine. Click here to subscribe!

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Work on Your Own Fitness

It’s not fair to ask hour horses to get into summer riding shape if we have been slacking ourselves, too. It’s a partnership, after all!

Now is the perfect time to start a fitness program for yourself before you hit full-tilt summer show season. If going to the gym isn’t convenient, consider an online program. There are lots of YouTube videos to help guide you through basic working routines, and several subscription services targeted directly for building rider strength out of the saddle.

If prefer to get your exercise outdoors, the barn property can become a gym. Map out a path around the perimeter of the fields, or even just up and down the driveway, to go for a walk or a jog. Hills are ideal because they maximize the cardio challenge, build muscles and burn more calories.

There’s also plenty you can do in the barn to build fitness. If you board, ask your barn manager if you can pitch in to make their day go a little quicker. Carrying and scrubbing water buckets, mucking out some extra stalls, or even just helping bring the horses in and out from the fields will help you build up stamina.

Think about your summer riding plans, too. Is trail riding on your list? You can’t go trail riding if the trails are full of branches and trees that fell over the winter. Get in a full-body workout walking the trails on foot and helping remove anything in your way.

If you board at a facility, team up with some other riders to keep each other accountable. Getting a group to ride together after work or on the weekends can make it more fun. Workout classes are better with a friend, so you may want to join a gym with your barn buddies.

Peer support is trickier if your horses are at home or if you board at a smaller facility. There are plenty of Facebook groups with other riders in the same isolated position also craving support. Groups exist for different breeds, sports, and riding goals. An online community can be just as positive as in-person support to keep you motivated.

Get Your Horse Fit

If you return your horse to full work after two months (or more) of down time, he will have lost significant fitness and be more prone to injury. Although cardiovascualar fitness is relatively easy for horses to achieve, tendons and ligaments take months to strengthen when starting from scratch.

If you have space on your farm to go for low-intensity hacks, that is the perfect place to start, but walking in the ring works, too. You can walk even an unfit horse under saddle for up to 60 minutes per day, four to six days a week. Ride your horse forward and keep him pushing from behind, even at the walk. (Going around in an inverted frame with his back down and head in the air will strengthen the wrong muscles.)

Stick to walking for at least the first two weeks of your program. You can gradually increase the time and/or add hill work to keep things challenging, but always keep a feel for when your horse starts to get tired, and wrap up your ride at the first signs of fatigue.

After two weeks, you can gradually add in a few minutes of trotting. Take walk breaks after 2 or 3 minutes of trotting when you start, then work up to 5 to 10 minutes of trot over the next week as your horse is able. Don’t let your horse fall apart in his downward transitions, and think about him lifting his back and stretching down into your hand during breaks from higher-intensity work.

In week four, you can add 1 to 2 minutes of cantering, building up from there. After 30 days, you can introduce a few small jumps or very short bursts of more intense work as your discipline requires. It’s better to ask for successful smaller amounts of higher-intensity work than less-successful—and potentially detrimental—longer workouts.

After six weeks of consistent work, your horse should be much closer to optimum fitness. Throughout his conditioning period and beyond, continue walking as much as possible each day; this can be done before and after the more intense portion of your ride.

Also pay attention to how you feel during this process. It’s hard to ask your horse to carry you if you are starting to fatigue. If after trotting a couple circles you feel your leg slip and your hands start to bounce, it’s time to go back to the walk.

Getting both you and your horse back into shape in the spring takes time, and rushing only gets you to the wrong place faster. It’s better to take it slow while rebuilding stamina in order to reduce the risk of injury and to keep riding fun for both of you.

This article about horse and rider fitness for spring appeared in the April 2023 issue of Horse Illustrated magazine. Click here to subscribe!

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I have loved horses for as long as I can remember. At the age of 2, I was at a company picnic with my parents when I spied pony rides at the bottom of a hill. Without a second glance at my poor mom and dad, I took off running down that hill as fast as my chubby 2-year-old legs could carry me, screaming, “Need to ride the pony!” the entire time.

That pony ride lit a spark that has burned bright for the last 34 years. I began riding lessons when I turned 7, and at the age of 16, I became the proud owner of an old, grumpy red dun Appaloosa named Phoenix.

A Wake-Up Call

My life as an equestrian was not without its challenges, however. I spent a good majority of my life overweight, and in the equine industry, that can be met with a myriad of backlash. I rode anyway. I made sure I always had a horse that could comfortably carry my weight and I did what I loved the most.

In 2019, I found out that I was pregnant. I also found out at a doctor’s appointment that I was at the highest weight I had ever been. High weight can lead to pregnancy complications, and that is exactly what happened to me. I developed a pregnancy complication called ICP, which stands for intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, brought about by my undiagnosed nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

This serious complication can cause spontaneous stillbirth, and because of that, I was induced to deliver early and had my son at just 34 weeks gestation. I spent a total of nine days in the hospital, and he was in the NICU for an additional 10 days. That experience opened my eyes regarding the seriousness of my weight and my health more than anything else ever had.

A Major Change

Soon after, I began the process of getting approved for bariatric surgery. After six months of psychiatric evaluations, nutritionist appointments, cardiac testing and B-12 shots, I was finally approved and scheduled for surgery.

In August of 2021, I had gastric sleeve surgery, which involves the removal of around 80 percent of the stomach. Many people view weight loss surgery as an “easy way out,” but those people would be wrong. It wreaks havoc on your brain and your body.

Imagine the mental strain of being addicted to food and then suddenly not being able to eat it. I had to change my entire relationship with food, exercise, and how I looked at myself. However, I am happy to say that in the 15 months since my surgery, I have successfully lost 180 pounds.

I have felt the benefits of weight loss in all aspects of my life, but none more so than when riding my horses. I’ve heard others say that as equestrians, we shouldn’t expect our horses to be athletes if we aren’t willing to also be athletes as well. But I never understood that concept until I felt how much easier riding was after I lost weight and got in shape.

New Perspective on Riding After Weight Loss

Before losing weight, I would trot two or three laps around the ring before needing to walk because I was so out of breath. I would feel like physically passing out after jumping a course. I was in decent shape for my size, but I was not physically in shape to ride the way I needed to be.

I’m not saying that a person needs to be skinny to be an effective equestrian, but they should be in the best physical shape possible to be an effective and strong partner for their horse.

Now I can trot around with my big Dutch Harness Horse for quite a while without feeling winded at all. I even bought myself a tall but fine-boned off-track Thoroughbred as a project horse.

Beyond the weight loss, I have developed a love for fitness and nutrition. Yoga and cardio dance classes have become favorite additions to my week, as well as a passion for lifting weights that I never knew I possessed.

I’ve also gone back to school at the age of 36 to pursue certifications in personal training and strength training, as well as a master’s degree in nutrition. I’m hoping to begin a career focused on helping other equestrians reach their health, fitness, and weight loss goals.

I’m truly grateful that I was able to take the steps necessary to improve my health, my skills as an equestrian, and my life.

This article about Kylie’s weight loss journey appeared in the AR issue of Horse Illustrated magazine. Click here to subscribe!

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